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生态模型在渔业管理中的应用
引用本文:张崇良,陈勇,韩东燕,邢磊,任一平.生态模型在渔业管理中的应用[J].海洋学报,2017,39(10):1-18.
作者姓名:张崇良  陈勇  韩东燕  邢磊  任一平
作者单位:1.中国海洋大学 水产学院 渔业生态系统监测与评估实验室, 山东 青岛 266003
基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(201562030,201612002)。
摘    要:随着人们对于海洋生态的认识逐渐深入,渔业等人类活动的影响受到了更多的关注,"基于生态系统的渔业管理"(EBFM)这一概念被越来越多的研究者和国际组织所接受。生态模型为EBFM的实践提供了科学的评估方法和技术工具。与单鱼种评估模型相比,生态模型更多地考虑了系统内的各种生态过程和作用机制,栖息地等环境条件的变化,以及生态系统整体的结构和功能等,依此来反映生态系统的动态变化。由于生态模型是多样化的,关注和涉及不同的目标对象、机制过程、模型结构和参数,本文按照生态模型所关注的生态层次和组分将其分为多物种模型、群落结构模型和生态系统模型3个类型,分析了各类模型的优劣点。本文进一步阐述了生态模型在渔业管理中的应用领域,以管理策略评估为中心的应用方式,以及实践中模型选择和构建所需要注意的问题,还探讨了生态模型中降低不确定性和提高预测能力的方法。

关 键 词:基于生态系统的渔业管理    生态系统效应    管理策略评估    不确定性    预测能力
收稿时间:2017/1/23 0:00:00
修稿时间:2017/3/8 0:00:00

The application of ecological models in fisheries management
Zhang Chongliang,Chen Yong,Han Dongyan,Xing Lei and Ren Yiping.The application of ecological models in fisheries management[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica (in Chinese),2017,39(10):1-18.
Authors:Zhang Chongliang  Chen Yong  Han Dongyan  Xing Lei and Ren Yiping
Institution:1.Laboratory of Fisheries Ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China2.School of Maine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono 04469, USA3.Laboratory of Fisheries Ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;School of Maine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono 04469, USA
Abstract:The ecological effects of fisheries and other human activities are increasingly concerned with the better understanding of marine ecosystems. Consequently, the concept of "ecosystem-based fisheries management" (EBFM) have been widely accepted by a range of researchers and institutes, for which ecological models have contributed to the basis of scientific methods and useful tools. Comparing to the singe-species assessment models, ecological models are superior in handling various ecological processes and mechanisms, habitat and environmental changes, and the structure and functions of ecosystems. Ecological models diversify in modeling objectives, mechanistic processes, model structure and parameters, and this study classified prevalent models into three categories on the basis of their ecological levels and components:multispecies models, community structure models and ecosystem models. We elaborated the advantages and disadvantages for each category of ecological models separately. We briefly introduced their potential use in guiding fisheries management on the basis of management strategy evaluation (MSE), and the caveats in model selection, building and implementation. Furthermore, we discussed the future development of ecological modeling in reducing uncertainty and improve predictability.
Keywords:EBFM  ecosystem effects  MSE  uncertainty  predictability
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