| 南海东北部陆坡区中上层浮游动物的垂直分布* |
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| 引用本文： | 李开枝,任玉正,柯志新,李刚,谭烨辉.南海东北部陆坡区中上层浮游动物的垂直分布*[J].热带海洋学报,2021,40(2):61-73. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李开枝 任玉正 柯志新 李刚 谭烨辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室, 中国科学院南海海洋研究所, 广东 广州 5103012.南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州), 广东 广州 5114583.广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室, 广东 广州 5103014.中国科学院大学, 北京 100049 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(31971432,41976112);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州)人才团队引进重大专项(GML2019ZD0401);国家科技基础资源调查专项(2017FY201404);中国科学院战略先导专项(XDA11020200)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 根据2016年3月和9月南海东北部陆坡区浮游动物垂直分层采样, 比较浮游动物种类组成、丰度和生物量的垂直分布和季节变化, 探讨影响其差异的原因。文中共鉴定浮游动物225种, 其中3月和9月分别出现150种和169种; 桡足类种数达132种, 其次是毛颚类和管水母类, 各18种; 浮游动物种数在50~100m水层最高, 一般随水深增加而减少。浮游动物丰度和生物量主要集中在0~100m, 二者在100m以深水层随深度增加而降低, 而水柱生物量在100~1000m占总水柱生物量的60%以上。浮游动物优势种季节和垂直变化明显, 3月近海种如普通波水蚤(Undinula vulgaris)和微刺哲水蚤(Canthocalanus pauper)等在100m以上水层丰度较高; 9月外海种如达氏筛哲水蚤(Cosmocalanus darwinii)和黄角光水蚤(Lucicutia flavicornis)等在100m以浅水层相对于3月丰度增加; 隆线似哲水蚤(Calanoides carinatus)在3月丰度和平均体长高于9月, 并且体长较大者主要分布在深层。浮游动物可分0~100m、100~400m和400~1000m三个群落, 因不同水层种类组成和丰度差异引起。浮游动物丰度和生物量的垂直变化与温度、叶绿素a质量浓度等因子呈显著正相关。南海东北部陆坡浮游动物季节和垂直变化受季风、沿岸流和中尺度涡的影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 浮游动物 桡足类 垂直分布 陆坡 南海东北部 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2020-08-02 |
Vertical distributions of epipelagic and mesopelagic zooplankton in the continental slope of the northeastern South China Sea |
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| LI Kaizhi,REN Yuzheng,KE Zhixin,LI Gang,TAN Yehui.Vertical distributions of epipelagic and mesopelagic zooplankton in the continental slope of the northeastern South China Sea[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2021,40(2):61-73. |
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| Authors: | LI Kaizhi REN Yuzheng KE Zhixin LI Gang TAN Yehui |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, Guangzhou 510301, China4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on the vertically stratified sampling of zooplankton in the continental slope of the northeastern South China Sea(SCS)in March and September 2016,the seasonal and vertical variations in zooplankton species composition,abundance,and biomass were analyzed and compared to explore the factors affecting their differences.A total of 225 species of zooplankton was identified;150 species appeared in March,and 169 species,in September.There were 132 species of copepods,followed by 18 species of chaetognaths and siphonophores,respectively.The number of zooplankton species was the highest in the 50~100 m water layer and generally decreased with the increase of water depth.The abundance and biomass of zooplankton were mainly concentrated in the range of 0~100 m,and both of them decreased with the increase of depth in the deeper water layer.However,above 60%of the biomass concentrated within the layers between 100 and 1000 m.The abundance of dominant species had obvious seasonal and vertical variation.In March,the abundance of coastal species such as Undinula vulgaris and Canthocalanus pauper was higher above the depth of 100 m.In September,the abundance of oceanic species such as Cosmocalanus darwinii and Lucicutia flavicornis was high in the upper layer of 100 m.Calanoides carinatus showed higher abundance and average body length in March than in September,and the larger body length appeared mainly in deep layers.The zooplankton community could be divided into three groups of 0~100 m,100~400 m,and 400~1000 m,which was mainly caused by the differences in the composition and abundance of different water layers.Zooplankton abundance and biomass were significantly positively correlated with temperature and chlorophyll a concentration.The seasonal and vertical variations in zooplankton abundance and biomass were driven by monsoon,coastal currents,and mesoscale eddies in the continental slope of the northeastern SCS. |
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| Keywords: | zooplankton copepods vertical distribution continental slope northeastern South China Sea |
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