| 海上油气开发水下井喷溢油的化学分散技术研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 钱国栋,张传合,赵宇鹏,宋燕.海上油气开发水下井喷溢油的化学分散技术研究[J].海洋开发与管理,2021,38(10):82-85. |
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| 作者姓名： | 钱国栋 张传合 赵宇鹏 宋燕 |
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| 作者单位： | 中海石油环保服务（天津）有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国海洋石油总公司科技项目“深水消油剂水下喷洒技术与装备集成研究”（CNOOC-KJ 125 ZDXM 25JAB NFAH 2015-02）. |
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| 摘 要： | 为有效应对海上油气开发水下井喷溢油事故，降低海底溢油对海洋环境的危害，文章通过模拟试验研究消油剂的类型、使用量和喷注位置对溢油分散效果的影响，并提出深水水下消油剂使用技术体系。研究结果表明：GM-2消油剂对原油呈现良好的分散性能，且分散效果随剂油比的增大而增强；水下喷注消油剂的使用量为溢油量的10%时即可获得良好的分散效果；在一定范围内，消油剂喷口与水下井口的水平距离对溢油分散效果的影响极小，而垂直高度对溢油分散效果的影响较大。
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| 关 键 词： | 海底溢油 消油剂 剂油比 水下喷注 溢油处置 |
The Chemical Dispersion Technology of Spilled Oil from Subsea Wells in Offshore Oil and Gas Development |
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| Abstract: | In order to effectively deal with the oil spill accident of underwater wells in offshore oil and gas development and reduce the harm of seabed oil spill to the marine environment, this paper studied the influence of the type, dosage and injection position of oil dispersant on the oil spill dispersion effect through simulation test, and put forward the subsea dispersant application technology system. The results showed that GM-2 oil dispersant had good dispersion performance for crude oil, and the dispersion effect increased with the increase of dispersant oil ratio; Good dispersion effect could be obtained when the amount of oil dispersant used by underwater injection was 10% of the spilled oil. In a certain range, the horizontal distance between the dispersant nozzle and the underwater wellhead had little influence on the oil spill dispersion effect, while the vertical height had a great influence on the oil spill dispersion effect. |
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