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临时海洋倾倒区生态损害评估及补偿标准研究——以温州市旧城改造工程临时性海洋倾倒区为例
引用本文:何改丽,张正龙,龚虹波,李加林,史小丽,刘永超,冯佰香,黄日鹏.临时海洋倾倒区生态损害评估及补偿标准研究——以温州市旧城改造工程临时性海洋倾倒区为例[J].海洋通报,2018(6):707-716.
作者姓名:何改丽  张正龙  龚虹波  李加林  史小丽  刘永超  冯佰香  黄日鹏
作者单位:宁波大学 地理与空间信息技术系,浙江 宁波 315211,国家海洋局东海环境监测中心,上海 201206,宁波大学 公共管理系,浙江 宁波 315211,宁波大学 地理与空间信息技术系,浙江 宁波 315211;宁波大学 东海研究院,浙江 宁波 315211,宁波大学学报编辑部,浙江宁波 315211,南京大学 地理信息科学系,江苏 南京 210023; 南京大学 中国南海研究协同创新中心,江苏 南京 210023,宁波大学 地理与空间信息技术系,浙江 宁波 315211,宁波大学 地理与空间信息技术系,浙江 宁波 315211
基金项目:国家社科基金重大项目 (16ZDA050)
摘    要:沿海地区社会经济快速发展的同时,各种人类活动导致的海洋污染与海洋生态损害日益加剧,海洋生态损害补偿是解决海洋生态损害问题的有效途径之一。本文以温州市旧城改造工程临时性海洋倾倒区为研究对象,利用水质、沉积物、生物等监测数据,基于倾倒活动对海洋生态系统的实际损害程度,构建生态服务价值损害评估体系和生态修复海洋损害评估框架,采用市场价值法、替代成本法、影子工程法、成果参照法等模型计算倾倒活动对海洋生态造成的损害,并确定生态补偿标准。结果表明:(1)基于生态服务价值损害为1 332.61万元,一级损害类型中支持服务价值损害最大;(2)鱼卵和仔鱼、生物多样性及基因资源、气候调节和维持空气质量为倾倒区主要生态系统服务损害类型,损害价值分别为251万元、379.26万元、342.18万元,三者之和比重达73%;(3)基于生态修复海洋损害价值为1 522.37万元,其中海洋生态修复费用最高,为1 167.65万元;(4)将两种评估体系的海洋生态损害价值的平均值作为温州市旧城改造工程临时性海洋倾倒区的补偿标准,为1 427.49万元,单位面积补偿标准为0.79万元/hm~2·a。

关 键 词:临时倾倒区  生态补偿  温州市旧城改造工程  生态修复
收稿时间:2018/6/9 0:00:00
修稿时间:2018/9/9 0:00:00

Study on evaluation and compensation standard of ecological damage in temporary ocean dumping area: the temporary ocean dumping area of old city reconstruction project in Wenzhou
HE Gai-li,ZHANG Zheng-long,GONG Hong-bo,LI Jia-lin,SHI Xiao-li,LIU Yong-chao,FENG Bai-xiang and HUANG Ri-peng.Study on evaluation and compensation standard of ecological damage in temporary ocean dumping area: the temporary ocean dumping area of old city reconstruction project in Wenzhou[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2018(6):707-716.
Authors:HE Gai-li  ZHANG Zheng-long  GONG Hong-bo  LI Jia-lin  SHI Xiao-li  LIU Yong-chao  FENG Bai-xiang and HUANG Ri-peng
Institution:Department of Geography & Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,Donghai Environmental Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration, Shanghai 201206, China,Department of Public Administration, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,Department of Geography & Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Donghai Institute, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,Editorial Department of Journal of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China,Department of Geographic Information Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of South China Sea Studies, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China,Department of Geography & Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China and Department of Geography & Spatial Information Techniques, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
Abstract:With the rapid socio-economic development in coastal areas, marine pollution and marine ecological damage caused by various human activities are increasing. Marine damage compensation is one of the effective ways to solve the problem of marine ecological damage. Taken temporary dumping in Wenzhou reconstruction as the research object, using monitoring data of water quality, sediments and organisms from marine centers, based on the degree of actual damage from dumping activities to the marine ecosystem, this study constructed a framework of ecological service value damage assessment and ecological restoration ocean damage assessment in dumping areas. Damage to marine ecology from dumping activities is calculated using economic value methods such as market value method, shadow engineering method, alternative cost method, and results reference method. And ecological compensation standards were formulated. The results showed : (1) The marine ecological damage based on ecological service value is 13.326 1 million RMB. The value of support services is the highest. (2) Fish eggs and larvae, biodiversity and genetic resources, climate regulation and maintenance of air quality are the main types of marine ecological damage in dumping areas. The damage values were 2.51 million RMB, 3.796 6 million RMB and 3.421 18 million RMB, respectively, and the sum proportion of them was 73 %. (3) The marine ecological damage based on marine ecological restoration was 15.223 7 million RMB. Marine ecological restoration costs are the highest, at 11.676 5 million RMB. (4) Finally, the compensation standard for the temporary dumping area of the old city reconstruction project in Wenzhou is 14.427 million RMB and 7 900 RMB/hm2·a using the average of two methods.
Keywords:temporary dumping area  ecological compensation  reconstruction in Wenzhou  ecological restoration
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