| 永兴岛及周边海域1989-2014年生态环境质量评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 李雪瑞,王娜,田松.永兴岛及周边海域1989-2014年生态环境质量评价[J].海洋通报,2019,38(4):472-479. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李雪瑞 王娜 田松 |
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| 作者单位： | 国家海洋局南海规划与环境研究院,广东 广州 510300;自然资源部南海维权技术与应用重点实验室,广东 广州 510300;国家海洋信息中心,天津,300171;国家海洋局南海规划与环境研究院,广东 广州,510300 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家海洋局南海维权技术与应用重点实验室开放基金项目 （1725）；国家海洋局南海分局海洋科学技术局长基金项目 （1501） |
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| 摘 要： | 本文以 1989-2014 年间 6 期遥感影像为数据源，基于土地利用分类体系，提取研究区海岛及周边海域的土地利用信息，建立海岛生态环境质量评价模型，对研究区海岛的总体环境质量及空间分异进行综合评价，分析了影响海岛生态环境质量的驱动力因素。评价结果表明，永兴岛人为开发活动较强烈，建有机场、码头、防波堤等人工设施，岛内房屋建筑设施较多；1989-2014 年间永兴岛及周边海域总体生态环境质量等级由良转为一般，生态环境质量有所下降；其中 1989-2013 年生态环境质量不断下降，特别是 2012 年三沙市建市后下降明显，但到 2014 年生态环境质量又有所恢复。永兴岛石岛生态环境质量变化的驱动力主要是人类的社会活动，基础设施建设、填海造地不可避免地会造成生态环境质量的破坏，但是随着人们环保意识的加强，对破坏的生态环境进行修复以及建设过程中尽量减少对生态环境的影响，使 2014 年生态环境质量有了稍许的改善。
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| 关 键 词： | 永兴岛 石岛 生态环境质量评价 遥感 空间分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018/6/19 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2019/1/25 0:00:00 |
Eco-environmental quality evaluation of the Yongxing Island and its surrounding sea area from 1989 to 2014 |
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| LI Xue-rui,WANG Na and TIAN Song.Eco-environmental quality evaluation of the Yongxing Island and its surrounding sea area from 1989 to 2014[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2019,38(4):472-479. |
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| Authors: | LI Xue-rui WANG Na and TIAN Song |
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| Institution: | South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research, SOA, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Technology and Application for Safeguarding of Marine Rights and Interests, MNR, Guangzhou 510300, China;,National Marine Data and Information Service, Tianjin 300171, China and South China Sea Institute of Planning and Environmental Research, SOA, Guangzhou 510300, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on 6 issues of the remote sensing images of 1989-2014, and the land use classification system, this paper extracted the land use information from the Yongxing Island and its surrounding sea area, and established the island ecoenvironment quality evaluation model. The overall environmental quality and spatial differentiation of the island were evaluated comprehensively, and the driving forces which affected the island eco -environment quality were analyzed. The evaluation result shows that the Yongxing Island was strongly affected by human development activities, such as artificial facilities including airport, wharf, breakwater, house building and so on. During 1989 -2014, the total eco -environmental quality grade changed from good to general, and the ecological environment quality presented the trend of declining. From 1989 to 2013, the ecological environment quality continued to decline, especially obvious in 2012 after the Yongxing Island was built as the capital of Sansha City. But the quality of the ecological environment had been restored to some extent in 2014. The main driving force of eco -environmental quality changes is human social activities. Infrastructure construction and reclamation will inevitably result in the destruction of ecological environment quality. However, with the environmental awareness raising of the community, the progress of ecological environment restoration and the lower impact on ecological environment during constructive engineering, the quality of the ecological environment has been slightly improved in 2014. |
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| Keywords: | Yongxing Island Shidao eco-environment quality evaluation RS spatial analysis |
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