| 中国海洋贝类染色体研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙振兴.中国海洋贝类染色体研究进展[J].海洋通报,2004,23(6):77-83. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙振兴 |
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| 作者单位： | 烟台师范学院生命科学学院,山东,烟台,264025 |
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| 基金项目： | 山东省自然科学基金项目 (编号:Y2002D12) 资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 概括总结了我国已报道的40种海洋贝类的染色体组型研究结果，腹足纲的染色体数目有2n=30，34，36和60;双壳纲的染色体数目有2n=20，22，28，32，34和38等几种类型。分析了贝类染色体制备的特点，预先向活贝体内注射PHA，可有效地增加中期分裂相。产生核型差异的原因可能是制片时的处理条件不同或因染色体结构重排以及地域差异造成的同种异体之间的核型多态。双壳纲和绝大多数腹足纲贝类都没有性染色体，而非整倍体是染色体畸变的结果。最后介绍了显带技术和荧光原位杂交技术在贝类染色体研究中的应用现状，认为FISH技术将为贝类染色体的鉴定提供有效的方法。
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| 关 键 词： | 贝类 染色体 核型 带型 荧光原位杂交 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-6392(2004)06-0077-07 |
Progress on the Chromosome Study of Marine Mollusks in China |
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| SUN Zhenxing.Progress on the Chromosome Study of Marine Mollusks in China[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2004,23(6):77-83. |
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| Authors: | SUN Zhenxing |
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| Abstract: | The karyotypes of 40 species of marine mollusks in China are reviewed in this paper. There are four types of chromosome numbers of Gastropoda, i.e., 2n = 30, 34, 36 and 60. There are six types of chromosome numbers of Bivalvia, i.e., 2n = 20, 22, 28, 32, 34 and 38. Analyzed the characteristics of chromosome preparation in the mollusks are analysed. PHA was injected in vivo of mollusks beforehand, which is good for increasing metaphase chromosomes. The difference of karyotype may be caused by different sample treatments or allogenic polymorphism of chromosome karyotype due to chromosomal configuration rearrangement and regional diversities. Neither Bivalvia nor most Gastropoda have heterosome. Aneuploid was the aftermath of the chromosome aberrance. Finally, the current application of chromosome banding technique and fluorescence in- situ hybridization (FISH) on the mollusks are introduced, and we think FISH will provide an effective method for chromosome identification in the mollusks. |
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| Keywords: | molluscs chromosome karyotype banding fluorescence in-situ hybridization |
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