| 动、定砂床底部剪切力对比试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张毅,任宇鹏,周慧广,王晨希,李杰,许国辉.动、定砂床底部剪切力对比试验研究[J].海洋通报,2021(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张毅 任宇鹏 周慧广 王晨希 李杰 许国辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国海洋大学 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室, 山东 青岛 266100；中国海洋大学 山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室，山东 青岛 266100；中国海洋大学 环境科学与工程学院，山东 青岛 266100 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金 （41976049） |
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| 摘 要： | 在河口海岸工程中,常常会面临岸滩冲蚀、岸线演变、航道淤积、建筑物底部淘刷等涉及泥沙起动和输运的问题,而水流对底床的剪切力是研究泥沙起动与输运的重要参数。本文利用自行设计的底床剪切力测量装置,在不同流速的水流中,分别在固定砂床(定床)和可移动砂床(动床)上进行了底部剪切力的直接测量;同时,根据试验中声学多普勒流速仪(ADV)测得的流速信息,采用湍流动能法对底床剪切力进行了估算。结果显示:当比例系数取值0.19时,估算出的底床剪切力与测量值吻合较好。对测量结果进行分析后发现,流速较小、砂粒未起动时,动、定砂床上的底部剪切力大致相同;在有砂粒起动的情况下,动床上的底部剪切力比定床上的大,相对差值最大约20%。因此当涉及底床剪切力的问题时,需要先确认床面形式,然后再进行分析研究。
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| 关 键 词： | 底床剪切力 固定砂床 可移动砂床 环形水槽 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/1/14 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/5/6 0:00:00 |
Experimental study on the comparison of shear stress at the bottom of movable and fixed sand bed |
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| ZHANG Yi,REN Yupeng,ZHOU Huiguang,WANG Chenxi,LI Jie,XU Guohui.Experimental study on the comparison of shear stress at the bottom of movable and fixed sand bed[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2021(4). |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yi REN Yupeng ZHOU Huiguang WANG Chenxi LI Jie XU Guohui |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100,China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China |
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| Abstract: | Problems related to sediment initiation and transport, such as shoreline erosion, shoreline evolution, channel deposition, building bottom scouring, etc often occur in the estuary and coastal engineering. The shear stress of the water flow on the bottom bed is an important parameter for the study of sediment initiation and transportation. In this paper, the bottom shear stress is directly measured on a fixed sand bed (fixed bed) and a movable sand bed (moving bed) in different flow rates using a self-designed measuring device for bottom shear stress. At the same time, according to the velocity information measured by the acoustic Doppler current meter (ADV) in the test, the shear stress of the bottom bed is estimated by the turbulence kinetic energy. When the proportional coefficient is 0.19, the estimated bottom bed shear stress is in good agreement with the measured value. After analyzing the measured results, it is found that when the flow velocity is small and the sand particle is not started, the bottom shear stress of moving and fixed sand bed is about the same. Under the condition of sand starting, the bottom shear stress on moving bed is larger than that on fixed bed, and the relative difference is about 20% at most. Therefore, when it comes to the problem of bottom bed shear stress, the form of the bed surface should be confirmed first. |
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