| 太湖的形成和演变过程 |
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| 引用本文： | 洪雪晴.太湖的形成和演变过程[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1991(4). |
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| 作者姓名： | 洪雪晴 |
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| 作者单位： | 华东师范大学地理系 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 本文从沉积学、地层学、地貌学、考古学和历史地理学角度,综合分析了太湖的成因和演变。认为地壳沉降与海面上升是构成江南碟形洼地的内外动力,为太湖的形成奠定了基础。全新世海侵最盛时,太湖海湾水深潮急、泻湖、滨海沼泽围绕海湾分布。随南部湾口沙嘴封堵,海湾趋于消失,陆地扩大,遗址增多。3700a来,海面回升,湖面逐渐扩展,形成现代太湖。
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| 关 键 词： | 太湖 全新世 成因 演变 |
ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE TAIHU LAKE |
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| Hong Xueqing.ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE TAIHU LAKE[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,1991(4). |
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| Authors: | Hong Xueqing |
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| Abstract: | The Taihu Lake is situated in the centre of the dish-like lowlying land south of the Changjiang River, which was resulted from the two dynamic factors, the long-term ground depression at a rate of 0.4 mm/a, calculated from the archaeological data, and the rise of the postglacial sea level that was responsible for the formation of the high coastal plain on the east margin of the dish-like low-lying land.
The Taihu area was a hummocky platform at 10,000 a B.P. , which was 25-35 m higher than adjacent Shanghai area, and on the west of the platform a deep-cutting palaeovalley existed. When the Holocene transgression took place, the palaeovalley was first drowned and became a bay, and its outlet lay between Hangzhou and Qiaosi. At the peak of the Holocene transgression, the water depth of the Taihu Bay was up to l5-25m, and its tidal current was intense, but most parts of the study area were dotted with Lagoons and marshes. At 5,000 a B.P., the outlet of the bay was enclosed by the sandspit and the Taihu Bay became a semienclosed bay lagoon. The study area became a land area at 4,400 a B.P., due to the decline of sea level, and this was supported by 130 Liangzhu cultural ruins widely scattered over the area.
At 3,700 a B.P., because of the rise of sea level and the warm palaeocli-mate which resulted in heavy annual rainfall 200-300 mm more than that of the present day, a great deal of rain water was stored in this area and it was at that time that the embryonic form of the Taihu Lake was formed. Since then, especially since the Song Dynasty when the two rivers, the Dongjiang River and the Loujiang River which drained the water of the Taihu Lake off, were choked up, the area of the Taihu Lake has been increased greatly. |
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| Keywords: | Taihu Lake Holocene origin evolution |
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