| 干旱区水资源开发利用与可持续发展 |
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| 引用本文： | 邱汉学,王秉忱.干旱区水资源开发利用与可持续发展[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,1998,18(4):97-108. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邱汉学 王秉忱 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]青岛海洋大学环境建设系 [2]北京建设部综合勘察研究院 |
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| 摘 要： | 干旱，半干旱区的水资源利用与可持续发展是全球性的课题，地球面积的１／３为干旱，半干旱区，在中国，这一面积占到国土面积的４７．５％，其中仅降水量小于２００ｍｍ的干旱区就占国土面积的２６．６％。干旱区水资源系统的最大特点是总水量少，补给来源单一，时空分布不均，蒸发在水循环中起主导作用，河流与含水层相互联系，相互依存，相互制约，形成统一的整体。
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| 关 键 词： | 干旱区 水资源 开发利用 可持续发展 |
WATER RESOURCES EXPLOITATION AND SUSTAINING DEVELOPMENT IN ARID AREA |
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| Qiu,Hanxue.WATER RESOURCES EXPLOITATION AND SUSTAINING DEVELOPMENT IN ARID AREA[J].Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,1998,18(4):97-108. |
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| Authors: | Qiu Hanxue |
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| Abstract: | Water resources exploitation and sustaining development of arid and semi arid area is one of the most important global environment problems.1/3 of the total earth surface is arid or semi arid,and in China,it is 47.5%.Among it,the arid area with precipitation less than 200mm/a is 26.6% of the total area of China.Water system in arid area has the following characters:total water resources shortage,poor recharges,distribution unbalance,evaporation playing a key role in water cycle,river and connected aquifers forming a unity system,shallow groundwater having certain present recharge but deep groundwater usually no with very low tritium detected. A series of environment deterioration problems,such as desertization,salinization of soil and salinization of groundwater,have risen during water resources exploitation because ecosystem is rather weak.To realize the reasonable utilization of water resoures in arid area,we need to manage water resources in scope of catchment,to optimally use surface water and groundwater in conjunction,to evaluate the capacity of water system and control the development of the oases,to keep reasonable ecosystem water level and demand and to construct water saving society in arid area. |
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| Keywords: | arid area river aquifer system catchment water resources management capacity of water system ecosystem water table |
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