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基于遥感的黄河三角洲海岸线变化研究
引用本文:栗云召,于君宝,韩广轩,王永丽,张志东.基于遥感的黄河三角洲海岸线变化研究[J].海洋科学,2012,36(4):99-106.
作者姓名:栗云召  于君宝  韩广轩  王永丽  张志东
作者单位:1. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,滨海湿地生态实验室,山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室,山东烟台264003/中国科学院研究生院,北京100049
2. 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,滨海湿地生态实验室,山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室,山东烟台264003
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-223);中国科学院百人计划项目; 山东省科技攻关计划项目(2008GG20005006, 2008GG3NS07005); 林业科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB2B0502-01)
摘    要:以黄河三角洲的Landsat TM/ETM+影像(1989~2009年)为数据源,采用遥感与地理信息系统技术,对黄河三角洲的岸线与面积变化进行监测。结果表明:1989年以来,黄河三角洲的岸线形状及长度均发生了较大变化,其中北部的刁口河流路区岸线向内陆蚀退明显;清水沟流路区的岸线整体向海域推进,部分区域有蚀退现象;神仙沟流路区主要为人工海堤,岸线变化不大。黄河三角洲的整体面积在1989~2009年处于增加中,但2006~2009年,面积变化为负值。从淤蚀情况来看,1989~2009年,黄河三角洲的淤蚀强度经历了"和缓-剧烈"的过程。这说明20年来黄河三角洲整体上处于增长发育中,但2006年后三角洲整体上呈现蚀退现象,同时黄河三角洲的淤蚀情况变得比以往更剧烈,意味着更强的海陆交汇作用和岸线变化。黄河的入海流路、水沙量、降水量等是影响三角洲岸线变化的重要因素,而人工堤坝能够在一定程度上维持海岸线的稳定。对黄河三角洲海岸线变化的研究有助于有效地管理和保护区域的社会和生态环境。

关 键 词:黄河三角洲  海岸线变化  遥感  面积变化
收稿时间:2010/6/21 0:00:00
修稿时间:2012/1/16 0:00:00

Coastline change detection of the Yellow River Delta by satellite remote sensing
LI Yun-zhao,YU Jun-bao,HAN Guang-xuan,WANG Yong-li,ZHANG Zhi-dong.Coastline change detection of the Yellow River Delta by satellite remote sensing[J].Marine Sciences,2012,36(4):99-106.
Authors:LI Yun-zhao  YU Jun-bao  HAN Guang-xuan  WANG Yong-li  ZHANG Zhi-dong
Institution:1(1.Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Ecology,Shandong Provineial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,China;2.Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
Abstract:We used remote sensing and geographic information system to extracted coastlines of the Yellow River Delta from muti-temporal Landsat TM/ETM+ images(1989~2009),and analyzed the length and area variations of the Yellow River Delta.The shape and length of the coastline in the Yellow River Delta had significantly changed since 1989.Coastal erosion occurred in the Diaokou Estuary area where the shoreline was not protected by dam.The whole coastline in Qingshuigou area extended seaward because some parts of it suffered from erosion.Coastline in Shenxiangou area changed little because most parts of it were protected by dam.The area of the Yellow River Delta increased from 1989 to 2009,though it decreased from 2006 to 2009.The annual average of area that erosion occurred or siltation changed from small to large.The Yellow River Delta was in expansion in the last 20 years.But from 2006 to 2009,the area of the Yellow River Delta was decreased and more area had been in erosion or siltation status.Discharge and sediment concentration of the Yellow River,precipitation and water diversion were main factors that influenced the area change of the Yellow River Delta.Artificial dams were able to resist the invasion of sea wave and to maintain the stability of coastline.The result of this work is contributed to the management and reservation of coastal environment.
Keywords:the Yellow River Delta  coastline changes  remote sensing  area changes
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