| 不同池塘养殖模式的环境氮磷负荷及其水质特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 夏新建,许忠能,林小涛,谢钊毅,靳祖雷,马叶胜.不同池塘养殖模式的环境氮磷负荷及其水质特征[J].海洋科学,2012,36(5):87-92. |
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| 作者姓名： | 夏新建 许忠能 林小涛 谢钊毅 靳祖雷 马叶胜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 暨南大学水生生物研究所,广东省高校水体富营养化与赤潮防治重点实验室,广东广州510632
2. 广东海丰公平大湖省级自然保护区管理处,广东汕尾,516400 |
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| 基金项目： | 汇丰/世界自然基金会华南湿地项目(02-000056)、广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A200899J01) |
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| 摘 要： | 2008年3月至2009年1月研究了广东海丰县东关联安围湿地两种投饵养殖模式——对虾主养(半集约化养殖)和虾蟹混养(半集约化养殖)海水池塘的环境氮磷负荷和养殖水体氮磷含量的周年变化情况,并以不投饵的塭围虾贝混养(粗放式养殖)模式为对照。3种模式中,池塘单位面积环境氮、磷负荷以对虾主养模式最高,分别为36.52 kg/hm2和7.39 kg/hm2;虾蟹混养模式次之,分别为1.49 kg/hm2和0.52kg/hm2;而塭围虾贝混养模式最低,分别为–2.47 kg/hm2和–0.34 kg/hm2。每月1次对3种模式养殖过程中水体的总氮、硝酸氮、亚硝酸氮、氨氮和总磷及磷酸盐含量进行监测,结果表明,与养殖环境氮磷负荷大小相对应,塭围虾贝混养池塘水质最好,虾蟹混养池塘次之,而对虾主养池塘水质最差,这种现象尤其在养殖后期更为明显。
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| 关 键 词： | 海丰湿地 养殖模式 氮 磷 环境负荷 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/8/19 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2011/11/11 0:00:00 |
Environmental nitrogen and phosphorus loading and water quality of three culture methods in ponds |
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| XIA Xin-jian,XU Zhong-neng,LIN Xiao-tao,XIE Zhao-yi,JIN Zu-lei,MA Ye-sheng.Environmental nitrogen and phosphorus loading and water quality of three culture methods in ponds[J].Marine Sciences,2012,36(5):87-92. |
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| Authors: | XIA Xin-jian XU Zhong-neng LIN Xiao-tao XIE Zhao-yi JIN Zu-lei MA Ye-sheng |
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| Institution: | 1(1.Institute of Hydrobiology,Jinan University,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes,Guangzhou 510632,China;2.Administration Bureau of Guangdong Haifeng Gongping Dahu Provincial Nature Reserve,Shanwei 516400,China) |
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| Abstract: | In this paper,the environmental nitrogen and phosphorus loading and nitrogen and phosphorus contents in water of two methods of pond culture with feeding(semi-intensive monoculture of shrimps and semi-intensive polyculture of shrimps and crabs),and one method of pond culture without feeding,(extensive polyculture of shrimps and shellfish) were analyzed in the ponds of Haifeng Dongguan Lian’anwei wetland areas.The results showed that in the three culture methods,semi-intensive monoculture of shrimp produced most nutrient discharge into the environment–nitrogen loading of 36.52kg/ hm2 and phosphorus loading of 7.39 kg/ hm2,following by those of semi-intensive polyculture of shrimps and crabs,with nitrogen loading of 1.49kg/ hm2 and phosphorus loading of 0.52 kg/ hm2,and extensive breeding did not discharge but instead,took up 2.47 kg/ hm2 nitrogen and 0.34kg/ hm2phosphorus from water.According to the monthly measurement of the levels of nitrate,nitrite,ammonia,total nitrogen,phosphate,and total phosphorus in seawater from March of 2008 to January of 2009,it indicated that the water quality of semi-intensive monoculture of shrimp was the worst among the three culture methods,followed by semi-intensive polyculture of shrimp and crabs and the extensive polyculture of shrimps and shellfish has the best water.This situation became more significant during the later period of culture. |
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| Keywords: | Haifeng wetland culture methods nitrogen phosphorus environmental loading |
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