Variations of backscatter strength along the super slow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge between 57°E and 70°E |
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| Authors: | Daniel Sauter Vronique Mendel |
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| Institution: | École et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre, Institut de Physique du Globe, Laboratoire de Géophysique Marine, EP 0533 CNRS, 5 rue René Descartes, 67084 Strasbourg, France |
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| Abstract: | Simrad EM12 backscatter strength data of the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR), between 57°E and 70°E, are used to reveal the along-axis segmentation of this super slow-spreading ridge. The backscatter properties of different geologic domains, like bathymetric highs and oblique basins within the rift valley, are characterized using 66 small test sites. We show that backscatter strength is higher on bathymetric swells, corresponding to segment centres, and lower in deep oblique basins corresponding to axial non-transform discontinuities and fracture zones. This contrast between segment centres and discontinuities is produced by both a thicker sediment cover and less frequent volcanic eruptions at segment ends. Using the model of Mitchell (1993), sediments have been estimated to be 2 to 5 m thicker in these areas than at segment centres. The distribution of the seamounts within the rift valley is controlling the long-wavelength variations of the mean backscatter strength calculated along the axis. Lower densities of seamounts and thicker sediments are producing lower and heterogeneous reflectivity levels in the deepest part of the axial valley floor between 61°45′E and 63°45′E. We propose that cooler mantle temperatures inducing construction of fewer volcanoes occur beneath this part of the ridge. The mean backscatter strength along the SWIR axis decreases dramatically toward the Rodrigues Triple Junction suggesting that volcanic production is reduced between 68°20′E and 69°20′E and that the transition from amagmatic tectonic deformation at the triple junction to new seafloor spreading occurs between 69°20′E and 70°E. |
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| Keywords: | nerve fiber protein synthesis RNA protein |
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