| 生态地质研究进展与展望 |
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| 作者姓名： | 聂洪峰 肖春蕾 任伟祥 刘建宇 戴蒙 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心,北京 100083;2.中国地质大学(北京), 北京 100083;3.中国地质科学院,北京 100037; |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局”生态地质调查工程(编号: 0703)”“全国地球关键带遥感地质调查(编号: DD20190536)”项目联合资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 生态地质学是研究生态系统与地质环境之间关系的一门交叉学科,对国土空间生态保护修复工作有重要理论支撑作用。我国生态地质研究工作虽然经过了多年的发展与积淀,但时至今日生态地质学仍然处于研究和探索阶段。鉴于此,基于前人的大量研究,总结了国内外生态地质研究进展: 国际上,俄罗斯建立了生态地质学研究体系,美国发起的地球关键带研究是与生态地质研究十分契合的主题; 在国内,生态地质研究主要着眼于”生态-地质”相互作用过程与机理以及地质环境影响下的系统性生态修复研究。在此基础上,提出了生态地质学涵义及其研究内容、方法技术创新及学科体系构建思路,以期为服务山水林田湖草沙整体保护、系统修复、综合治理和生态地质系统深化研究提供借鉴。
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| 关 键 词： | 生态地质调查 国土空间生态保护修复 地球关键带 进展 展望 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-16 |
Main progress and achievements of the geological survey project of Sichuan-Tibet Railway traffic corridor |
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| Authors: | GUO Changbao WANG Baodi LIU Jiankang TU Jienan ZHANG Yongshuang MA Jianfei TIE Yongbo HAN Bing MA Xin LIU Feng LI Xue MENG Wen ZHONG Ning YANG Zhihua WU Ruian |
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| Institution: | 1. China Aero Geophysical Survey & Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources, Beijing 100083, China;2. China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;3. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China |
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| Abstract: | Sichuan-Tibet Railway is a key project planned and constructed in China. It is located in Eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau where the terrain, geomorphology and tectonic activity are extremely complex. There are a series of serious geological problems that need to be solved urgently in its planning and construction period, such as regional active faults with their disaster effects, high geostress with resulted rockburst and large deformation, geological hazards, high temperature with heat damage, high pressure water and mud inrush in fault zone, stability of high and steep slope. In order to support the needs of technical support for the planning and construction of Sichuan-Tibet Railway and to accurately serve the implementation of major national strategies, China Geological Survey has deployed the Geological Survey Project of Sichuan-Tibet Railway Traffic Corridor,which is focused on the key issues restricting the planning and construction of Sichuan-Tibet Railway, and plays an important role in the planning and construction of major national projects. In 2019, it mainly completed 1 350 km2 of 1:50 000 regional geological survey, and 5 000 km2 of 1:50 000 geological hazard survey. six geothermal flow geological parameter wells and etght earth temperature monitoring stations were also constructed. Twehty geostress measurement holes and 11 special geological survey reports were completed. The route optimizat suggestions and disaster prevention suggestions proposed for Dadu River Bridge, Litang Station, and Maoyaba Basin were adopted. The 1:5 000 large-scale aerial geophysical technology was introduced into the survey of complex mountain railway engineering for the first time, and the directional core drilling technology for ultra-long horizontal boreholes at a kilometer level was innovated with a major breakthrough. Besides, the measurement of geostress in horizontal boreholes with a depth of 500 meters was achieved. Overall, the project has improved the degree and accuracy of geological surveys along the railway through the survey and research in 2019. And the theoretical methods of major engineering geological problems and detection technologies in complex and difficult mountainous areas, geological disaster risk prevention, control theory, and key disaster reduction technologies were innovated, which effectively supported the planning and construction of Sichuan-Tibet Railway. |
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| Keywords: | Sichuan-Tibet Railway regional geology active fault geological disaster high temperature heat damage and water inrush and mud outburst geostress |
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