| 洞庭湖区与城陵矶水位关联性的临界特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙昭华,李奇,严鑫,罗方冰.洞庭湖区与城陵矶水位关联性的临界特征分析[J].水科学进展,2017,28(4):496-506. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙昭华 李奇 严鑫 罗方冰 |
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| 作者单位： | 武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430072 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目（2014ZX07104-005）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0402303） |
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| 摘 要： | 采用典型测站观测资料与水力学原理相结合，分析不同情况下城陵矶水位与洞庭湖区水位关联性强弱转化的机理和临界条件以及三峡水库对其影响等问题。理论解析表明，固定流量下，湖区水位与城陵矶水位相关关系应为单调指数函数，受到区间距离、湖槽形态等多因素影响，据此提出和率定了各湖区水位的经验计算模式。利用经验计算模式对实测数据进行延展，构建了各种可能出现的湖区来流和干流水位组合下的湖区水位特征曲线族，发现湖区水位与城陵矶水位之间的关联强度存在无影响区、影响区和决定区等状态区间，通过对临界条件的定义和计算，实现了各状态区间的定量划分，并提出了各状态区间内洞庭湖区水位的估算方法。通过对三峡水库蓄水后湖床冲淤和水文条件变化的影响分析，论证了以上方法和认识在水库蓄水后的适用性。
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| 关 键 词： | 水位相关关系 回水顶托 洞庭湖 长江 |
| 收稿时间： | 2016-12-09 |
Analysis of the critical relationship between the water levels of Dongting Lake and Chenglingji station |
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| SUN Zhaohua,LI Qi,YAN Xin,LUO Fangbing.Analysis of the critical relationship between the water levels of Dongting Lake and Chenglingji station[J].Advances in Water Science,2017,28(4):496-506. |
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| Authors: | SUN Zhaohua LI Qi YAN Xin LUO Fangbing |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China |
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| Abstract: | The relationship between the water levels in Dongting Lake and Chenglingji station was investigated using long-term hydrology data record and the hydraulics theory. The mechanisms of the changing water level relationship between the two regions were discussed, and the critical condition in the changing process was analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of the Three Georges Project on the water level linkage was examined. Theoretical analysis showed that the relationship between the water levels in Dongting Lake and Chenglingji station agreed with the monotonic exponential function under fixed discharge. Considering distance and morphology of the lake bed, an empirical model was established to estimate the water level in Dongting Lake. Based on the empirical model, the water level variations of the Dongting Lake was estimated all throughout the ranges of inflow discharges and water level stages at the lake outlet by extrapolation from the observed data. Based on these calculations, rating curves of the water level relationships between Dongting Lake and Chenglingji station were established with lake inflow as parameters. Therefore, it was found that the combination of inflow discharge and water level at Chenglingji station can be divided into three types, as follows:no-effect zone, influencing zone, and determining zone in the coordinate plane. Based on the definition of critical condition, the threshold lines between the three zones were quantitatively determined. The water level estimation methods in different parts of the lake under the conditions of the three zones were proposed separately. Finally, the impact of the Three Georges Project on the critical condition and threshold lines were evaluated along with the observed data. The hydraulic linkage between Dongting Lake and Chenglingji station slightly changed after dam impoundment. |
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| Keywords: | correlation between water levels backwater effect Dongting Lake Yangtze River |
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