| 基于水热耦合的青藏高原分布式水文模型——Ⅱ.考虑冰川和冻土的尼洋河流域水循环过程模拟 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘扬李,周祖昊,刘佳嘉,王鹏翔,李玉庆,朱熠明,姜欣彤,王康,王富强.基于水热耦合的青藏高原分布式水文模型——Ⅱ.考虑冰川和冻土的尼洋河流域水循环过程模拟[J].水科学进展,2021,32(2):201-210. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘扬李 周祖昊 刘佳嘉 王鹏翔 李玉庆 朱熠明 姜欣彤 王康 王富强 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司, 贵州 贵阳 550081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（91647109）；国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0402405） |
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| 摘 要： | 尼洋河流域是雅鲁藏布江第四大支流，受冰川、积雪和冻土影响，水循环关系极其复杂。为深入研究该区域内的水文循环过程，本文在寒区水循环模型（WEP-COR）的基础上，针对青藏高原气候和地质特点，构建了耦合“积雪-土壤-砂砾石层”连续体和“积雪-冰川”水热过程模拟的青藏高原分布式水循环模型（WEP-QTP）。在尼洋河流域通过对2013—2016年的流量过程模拟发现，工布江达和泥曲站的逐月流量Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数分别达到0.810和0.752，比改进前的0.430和0.095有明显提升；以2015年为例，对比WEP-COR和WEP-QTP模型发现，WEP-QTP模型在汛期特别是主汛前（冻土融化期）模拟的流量过程不会出现较大的波动，模拟得到的逐日流量Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数相比WEP-COR从-0.67提高到0.54。模型增强了地下水含水层的调节作用，使得流量过程更加平稳且接近实测，研究结果表明，WEP-QTP模型适用于青藏高原的水文模拟。
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| 关 键 词： | 水循环模拟 “积雪-土壤-砂砾石层”连续体 积雪-冰川 水热过程模拟 尼洋河流域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-03 |
Distributed hydrological model of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau based on the hydrothermal coupling: Ⅱ: simulation of water cycle processes in the Niyang River basin considering glaciers and frozen soils |
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| LIU Yangli,ZHOU Zuhao,LIU Jiajia,WANG Pengxiang,LI Yuqing,ZHU Yiming,JIANG Xintong,WANG Kang,WANG Fuqiang.Distributed hydrological model of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau based on the hydrothermal coupling: Ⅱ: simulation of water cycle processes in the Niyang River basin considering glaciers and frozen soils[J].Advances in Water Science,2021,32(2):201-210. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yangli ZHOU Zuhao LIU Jiajia WANG Pengxiang LI Yuqing ZHU Yiming JIANG Xintong WANG Kang WANG Fuqiang |
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| Institution: | (China Power Construction Group Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited Survey,Guiyang 550081,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;Water Conservancy Project and Civil Engineering College,Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry College,Nyingchi 860000,China;School of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;College of Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China) |
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| Abstract: | The Niyang River basin is the fourth largest tributary of the Yarlung Zangbo River. Affected by glaciers,snow,and frozen soil,the water cycle relationship is extremely complex. To further study the hydrological cycle process in the region,based on the climate and geological characteristics of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau,a distributed water cycle model (WEP-QTP) for the Qinghai Tibet Plateau,which includes a “snow soil gravel layer” continuum and “snow glacier” hydrothermal process simulation,was established by improving the WEP-COR model. Through the simulation of the flow process of the Niyang River basin from 2013 to 2016,it was found that the monthly flow Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients of the Gongbujiangda and Niqu stations reached 0.810 and 0.752,respectively;these values are significantly higher than the those (0.430 and 0.095,respectively) before the improvements were implemented. Taking 2015 as an example,the flow process simulated by the WEP-QTP model during the flood season,especially before the main flood season (frozen soil thawing period),does not show large fluctuations,and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of the daily flow obtained from the simulation increased from-0.67 to 0.54 compared with WEP-COR. The model improved the regulation of the groundwater aquifer,making the flow process more stable and closer to the actual measurement,for use in the hydrological simulation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. |
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| Keywords: | Water cycle simulation ‘snow-soil-sand gravel layer’ continuum snow-glacier hydrothermal coupling simulation Niyang River basin |
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