| 水库拦沙期黄河下游洪水冲刷效率调整分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李小平,李文学,李勇,SHANG Hong-xia,尚红霞.水库拦沙期黄河下游洪水冲刷效率调整分析[J].水科学进展,2007,18(1):44-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李小平 李文学 李勇 SHANG Hong-xia 尚红霞 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.黄河水利科学研究院, 河南, 郑州, 450003; |
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| 摘 要： | 分析了三门峡水库和小浪底水库拦沙期黄河下游低含沙量洪水的冲刷效率,结果显示:水库拦沙期黄河下游洪水的全沙冲刷效率在平均流量小于4 000 m3/s时随着洪水平均流量的增大而增大,当流量达到4 000 m3/s以后,冲刷效率随着流量的增大不再显著增加,基本保持在20 kg/m3。通过研究分组泥沙的冲刷效率,发现全沙冲刷效率在流量大于4 000 m3/s后细颗粒泥沙冲刷效率降低的幅度大于粗颗粒泥沙冲刷效率增加的幅度,河床细颗粒泥沙的补给能力对全沙冲刷效率具有决定性作用。建议在小浪底水库拦沙期,调控下泄流量使进入下游河道的洪水平均流量在4 000 m3/s左右,使黄河下游洪水的冲刷效率最大,从而实现利用有限的水资源产生最大的冲刷效益,增大下游河道的排洪能力。
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| 关 键 词： | 冲刷效率 水库拦沙期 低含沙量洪水 黄河下游 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-6791（2007）01-0044-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-09-06 |
| 修稿时间： | 2006-06-09 |
Analysis of erosion efficiency and adjustment of flood in the lower Yellow River during the storage periods |
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| SHANG Hong-xia.Analysis of erosion efficiency and adjustment of flood in the lower Yellow River during the storage periods[J].Advances in Water Science,2007,18(1):44-51. |
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| Authors: | SHANG Hong-xia |
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| Institution: | 1.Institute of Hydraulic Research, Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou 450003, China;2.Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450003, China;3.Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;4.Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the menxia reservoir and the Xiaolangdi erosion efficiency of floods in the lower Yellow reservoir. The results indicate that, when the River during the storage periods of the Sandischarge is less than 4000 m^3/s, the erosion efficiency of the total sediment in the downstream of the dam increases with the increasing of average flood discharge, while it maintains a constant value when the discharge is greater than 4000 m^3/s. By investigating the erosion efficiency through the group sediment, we find that the decrease of the erosion efficiency of the fine sediment load is higher than the increae of the erosion efficiency of the coarse one, which may be the crucial reason why the erosion efficiency of the total sediment load does not increase with the increase of the average flood discharge any more when the discharge is greater than 4000 m^3/s. The supply of the fine sediment load from the riverbed is the major factor affecting the erosion efficiencies of the total sediment load. It is suggested that the average flood discharge during the storage periods of the Xiaolangdi reservoir should be controlled at about 4 000 m^3/s to obtain the highest erosion efficiency. We can make good use of the limited water resources and improve the drainage capacity of the channel in the Lower Yellow River. |
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| Keywords: | erosion efficiency storage periods of reservoir lower sediment concentration flood the lower Yellow River supply of sediment load |
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