| 城市化对降水影响的研究综述 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡庆芳,张建云,王银堂,黄勇,刘勇,李伶杰.城市化对降水影响的研究综述[J].水科学进展,2018,29(1):138-150. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡庆芳 张建云 王银堂 黄勇 刘勇 李伶杰 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室, 江苏 南京 210029; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2016YFC0400902）；中国工程院重大咨询研究项目（2015-ZD-07-02）；水利部公益性行业科研专项经费资助项目（201501014） |
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| 摘 要： | 通过长期研究,关于城市化会对局地降水产生一定影响已成为共识,但由于不同地区降水形成、分布机制的复杂性以及气象观测资料、数值天气模式的局限性,目前国际上对于城市化影响降水的物理机制及驱动因素仍存在不同认识,关于不同条件下城市化对降水影响的具体规律也具有争议。在阐述城市化对降水影响的主要物理机制的基础上,从站点资料解析和综合遥感资料解析两方面归纳和比较了近年城市化对降水影响的主要资料检测事实,总结了关于城市化单一因素和综合因素对降水影响的数值模拟试验的主要结论,最后从城市综合气象观测试验、城市化降水效应的系统检测、城市化降水效应的精细化模拟、城市化降水效应的区域影响、城市化降水效应的适应与调控5个方面,论述了存在的主要问题及发展方向,为深化对城市化降水效应的科学认识以及应对其不利影响提供了参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 城市化 降水 影响机制 资料检测 数值模拟 适应与调控 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-03-07 |
A review of urbanization impact on precipitation |
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| HU Qingfang,ZHANG Jianyun,WANG Yintang,HUANG Yong,LIU Yong,LI Lingjie.A review of urbanization impact on precipitation[J].Advances in Water Science,2018,29(1):138-150. |
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| Authors: | HU Qingfang ZHANG Jianyun WANG Yintang HUANG Yong LIU Yong LI Lingjie |
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| Institution: | 1.State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China;2.Anhui Meteorological Science Institute, Anhui Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Science and Satellite Remote Sensing, Hefei 230031, China |
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| Abstract: | Urbanization is an extensive and complicated human activity all over the world. Presently, it is a consensus that urbanization could exert certain impact on local precipitation. However, owning to the complexity of precipitation formation and distribution in different regions, as well as the limitation of metrological observation and numerical simulation models, there are different views on the physical mechanisms and driving factors about urbanization influencing rainfall. In addition, disputes continue on the phenomenon and traits of urban influencing rainfall. Hence, this paper reviews the main mechanisms of urban effects on rainfall. Then, observation analysis and numerical simulation of urbanization impact on precipitation are retrospected. For the former, main results are summarized and compared for studies both based on surface gauge observations and remote sensing data. For the latter, urbanization influence on precipitation are summarized both for single factor and compound factors. Finally, main problems requiring deep exploration in future are recommended from five aspects, i. e. the integrated observation of urban meteorology, the comprehensive detection of urbanization precipitation effects, the refined simulation of urbanization impact on precipitation and the adaptation and regulation measures. This paper is conducive to deepening the understanding of urbanization effect on precipitation. Additionally, it provides valuable references for the adaption and regulation of the negative change of precipitation caused by urbanization. |
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| Keywords: | urbanization precipitation influencing mechanism observation analysis numerical simulation adaptation and regulation |
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