| 中华鲟产卵栖息地的三维水力因子适宜性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 班璇,高欣,Panayiotis DIPLAS,肖飞,石小涛.中华鲟产卵栖息地的三维水力因子适宜性分析[J].水科学进展,2018,29(1):80-88. |
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| 作者姓名： | 班璇 高欣 Panayiotis DIPLAS 肖飞 石小涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所湖北省环境与灾害监测与评估重点实验室, 湖北 武汉 430077; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51109195；51479186） |
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| 摘 要： | 建立三维水动力学模型分析中华鲟产卵栖息地水力因子的时空分布和中华鲟产卵时的适宜水力特性，为设计最佳的生态调度方案提供科技支撑。研究结果表明，中华鲟产卵栖息地的上产卵区水深和流速的变化主要受流量影响，涡量的变化主要受地形影响；中华鲟产卵前需要高流量脉冲刺激产卵。坝下与隔流堤之间流速和涡量值的大小与波动远大于其他区域，均值为2.4 m/s和11 m2/s。产卵栖息地水体表层、中层和底层的流速和水平涡量分布格局相似，均是在上产卵区值较大，空间分布多样性高。水体中层垂向涡量的值远大于底层和表层。产卵栖息地水体表层、中层和底层水力分布特征为中华鲟繁殖提供了有利的水力条件，体现出中华鲟对产卵栖息地不同功能区的自主选择性。
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| 关 键 词： | 中华鲟产卵栖息地 水力因子 三维水动力学模型 适宜性 涡量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-07-05 |
Suitability analysis of three dimensional hydraulic factors for spawning habitat of Chinese Sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) |
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| BAN Xuan,GAO Xin,Panayiotis DIPLAS,XIAO Fei,SHI Xiaotao.Suitability analysis of three dimensional hydraulic factors for spawning habitat of Chinese Sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis)[J].Advances in Water Science,2018,29(1):80-88. |
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| Authors: | BAN Xuan GAO Xin Panayiotis DIPLAS XIAO Fei SHI Xiaotao |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory for Environment and Disaster Monitoring and Evaluation, Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Science, Wuhan 430077, China;2.Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China;3.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA;4.Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China |
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| Abstract: | This study employs a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of stream flows at spawning sites of Chinese Sturgeon. The overarching goal here is to identify the suitable flow conditions for the sturgeon's reproduction success. Such information will provide better design criteria for habitat management. The results showed that, while flow depth and velocity were determined by the water discharge, the intensity of vorticity was highly dependent upon the local geomorphological features. The velocity and vorticity exhibited much larger magnitudes and higher spatial variability at the location immediately downstream of the dam and between the spur dikes, as compared to other places. More specifically, the mean velocity and vorticity magnitudes there were reported as 2.4 m/s and 11 m2/s, respectively. Such an intense flow condition represented an appropriate spawning cue to the Chinese Sturgeon. Since the spawning activities usually took place near the water surface, this study distinguished the hydrodynamics of the flow within the upper layer from those in the intermediate and bottom layers. The mean velocity and horizontal vorticity manifested a similar distribution among the three different layers, except that the upper layer always had a larger intensity than the lower parts of the flow. The vertical vorticity, on the contrary, attained peak values in the intermediate layer exceeding the intensities observed in the upper and bottom layers. This result indicated the high spatial variability of hydrodynamics that could change with flow depth. Overall, the pertinent flow properties at the upper, intermediate, and the bottom layers may contribute to spawning success in different ways. It is reasonable to expect that the Chinese sturgeon will select the sites that are more likely to meet their special needs in the spawning processes. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese Sturgeon spawning sites hydraulic factor three-dimensional hydrodynamic model suitability criteria vorticity |
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