| 弯曲溢洪道挑流消能试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李瑶,杨胜发,付旭辉.弯曲溢洪道挑流消能试验研究[J].水科学进展,1990,31(3):413-421. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李瑶 杨胜发 付旭辉 |
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| 作者单位： | 重庆交通大学国家内河航道整治工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400074 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51679020）；重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究计划资助项目（KJ1705131） |
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| 摘 要： | 为避免加剧弯曲溢洪道的不良振动，对弯道水流的挑流消能问题进行研究。通过试验研究的方法，提出了一种适用于弯曲溢洪道的新型挑流消能工，结合渠底超高法对弯道水流的干扰，使水流在质量力的作用下分流，有效降低和减小了回水的流量范围，增加了挑流水舌的纵向长度。通过对比两种不同凹岸边墙半径的弯曲束窄差动式斜切挑坎和弯曲连续斜切挑坎的回流、挑流和分流等特性，根据水流运动特性和流线的几何关系，提出了一种判断该新型挑坎发生回水的半理论半经验方法。研究发现高坎的收缩程度和凹岸边墙半径是影响分流和回水的主要因素，通过对高坎水流运动特性的分析，拟合流量、凹岸边墙半径与高坎折冲水流出流方向角γ的经验公式，推导了高坎分流临界角度γc的计算表达式，计算结果与试验测量结果吻合良好，可以为弯道水流挑流消能的工程应用和运行提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 挑流消能 弯道水流 折冲水流 差动式挑坎 回水 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-08-06 |
Experiment research on ski-jump energy dissipation of curved flow |
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| LI Yao,YANG Shengfa,FU Xuhui.Experiment research on ski-jump energy dissipation of curved flow[J].Advances in Water Science,1990,31(3):413-421. |
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| Authors: | LI Yao YANG Shengfa FU Xuhui |
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| Institution: | National Engineering Research Center for Inland Waterway Regulation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China |
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| Abstract: | This study investigates the dissipation of curved flow by applying trajectory energy dissipation to avoid increasing harmful vibration. Based on experimental study,a new type of ski-jump energy dissipater is developed with a narrowing curved dentated miter bucket for a curved spillway with super-elevation. The dissipater is able to facilitate flow diversion under mass force that successfully promotes reduction of the flow range inducing backwater while extending the length of the jet flow. The hydraulic characteristics of flow diversion,backwater and jet flow observed when using the new dissipater with a sidewall with different radius of concavity are compared with those of a curved miter bucket. Additionally,a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical approach is presented to distinguish the occurrence of backwater in the new dissipater,according to the geometric characteristics of streamline and the flow characteristics. Experiments with the new dissipater reveal that contraction of the upper bucket and the radius of concavity of the sidewall play leading roles in the phenomena of flow diversion and backwater. Therefore,an expression is deduced to calculate the criterion γc predicting the occurrence of backwater,by the analysis the flow on the upper bucket via the deflecting angle of the folding flow γ conveyed through an empirical expression that combines the quantities of flow and concavity sidewall radius. The outcomes of the method generally matched the results derived from experiment. The findings of this study could be used as reference in the field of hydraulic engineering of curved flow. |
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| Keywords: | ski-jump energy dissipater curved flow folding flow dentated bucket backwater |
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