| 数字高程模型分辨率对流域地形特征参数的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 林声盼,荆长伟,MOORE Nathan,吴嘉平.数字高程模型分辨率对流域地形特征参数的影响[J].水科学进展,2012,23(4):457-463. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林声盼 荆长伟 MOORE Nathan 吴嘉平 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.浙江大学环境与资源学院, 浙江杭州 310058; |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项资助项目(2008ZX07101-006)~~ |
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| 摘 要： | 地形特征(如高程和坡度)和水文特征(如河流长度和河流坡度)是分布式流域水文水质模型的基础输入参数,用于量化描述模型模拟流域的自然特征。这些特征参数的准确性直接影响水文水质过程模拟的准确性。应用数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)在4个不同地形的子流域研究了10种不同分辨率DEM对平均高程、流域面积、坡度、河流坡度、最长河长等参数的影响。结果表明,随着DEM分辨率降低,流域地形变缓,流域平均坡度逐渐减小;随着DEM网格分辨率的变化,子流域划分范围和河道位置也都可能发生变化,且该变化在地形起伏较小的丘陵平原地区较明显,子流域集水面积和河长进一步随之改变;河流坡度随DEM分辨率降低则呈无规则变化。从地形和水文参数两方面揭示了DEM 分辨率在分布式流域模型中的不确定性影响。
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| 关 键 词： | 数字高程模型 分辨率 分布式流域模型 水文参数 地形参数 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011-08-29 |
Impacts of different resolution DEMs on terrain characteristic parameters |
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| LIN Sheng-pan
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JING Chang-wei
,
MOORE Nathan
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WU Jia-ping.Impacts of different resolution DEMs on terrain characteristic parameters[J].Advances in Water Science,2012,23(4):457-463. |
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| Authors: | LIN Sheng-pan JING Chang-wei MOORE Nathan WU Jia-ping |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Environment and Natural Resources, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;2.Department of Geography, Center for Global Change and Earth Observations, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48823, USA |
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| Abstract: | Relief features(e.g.elevation and slope) and hydrological characteristics(e.g.reach length and reach slope) are basic parameters for distributed models of hydrology and water quality.These parameters provide quantified profiles for the natural watershed that is studied with the model.How well the model simulates the processes of water quantity and quality depends directly on the accuracies of those parameters.Currently,Digital Elevation Model(DEM) has been widely used to derive relief and hydrology characteristics in watershed models for hydrology and water quality.Impacts of 10 different resolution DEMs on mean elevation,subbasin area,subbasin slope,reach slope,and longest reach length were evaluated in 4 subbasins with different reliefs.The DEMs,with grid sizes of 1 m,2.5 m,5 m,10 m,20 m,30 m,40 m,80 m,90 m,and 160 m respectively,were resampled with TIN(Triangular Irregular Network) method from digital line graphic data at 1∶10 000 scale.Results showed that watershed slope decreased with coarser DEM,and the terrain was smoothed.When DEM was resampled to a coarser one,the rainfall accumulation area and reach length changed along with the boundaries of subbasins and reach network,especially,in hilly areas where the terrains substantially changed within small ranges.No systemic trend was found in reach slope change with DEM resolution.This study reveals the uncertainty in distributed watershed model caused by DEM resolution in parameter level,and provides references for both model developers and users. |
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| Keywords: | digital elevation model resolution distributed model hydrological parameters relief parameters |
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