Groundwater flow and geochemistry in the lower reaches of the Yellow River: a case study in Shandang Province, China |
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| Authors: | J Chen C Tang Y Sakura A Kondoh Y Shen |
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| Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, Japan/Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China,;(2) Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba University, Japan,;(3) Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Japan, |
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| Abstract: | Water samples were collected from the Yellow River and from wells for chemical and isotopic measurement in the counties of
Yucheng and Qihe, to which 6–9×108 m3 of water is diverted annually from the Yellow River. A zone of high electrical conductivity (EC) in groundwater corresponds
well on the regional scale with a ridge in groundwater level, which is the main flow path through the region, but has a low
gradient. The zone of highest EC along this ridge occurs at a position with the lowest ground altitude in the study area.
The unique characteristic of the groundwater is the linear relationship among the principal anions as the result of mixing.
The mixing effect is confirmed by its isotopic signature, which was then used to calculate the contributions from three sources:
rainfall, old water, and diverted water with an average mixing rate of 18, 17, and 65%, respectively. As an indicator of water
movement, Cl– content varies across a wide range in the profile from 30–10 m with a maximum concentration at about 1.2 m depth. Concentrations
are relatively stable at about 2 m, which is the average boundary of the saturated and unsaturated zone. The water from the
Yellow River has proved to be dominant in mixing in the aquifer in terms of groundwater flow and geochemistry.
Electronic Publication |
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| Keywords: | Groundwater water Discharge zone Stable isotopes Surface– groundwater interaction Yellow River |
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