Net infiltration in the Gran Sasso Massif of central Italy using the Thornthwaite water budget and curve-number method |
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| Authors: | M Scozzafava M Tallini |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Structures, Water and Soil Engineering, University of L'Aquila, 67040 Monteluco di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy, |
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| Abstract: | The study was carried out in order to determine the net infiltration in the Gran Sasso Massif, central Italy, a typical central
Mediterranean karstic hydrogeological system. It relied on the Thornthwaite water-budget method, which was modified in order
to account for the local hydrological setting. The changes to the method were as follows: (1) use of the curve-number (CN)
method of the US Soil Conservation Service to estimate runoff; (2) addition of runoff to the water budget of endorheic areas;
and (3) assessment of snow melt in mountain areas. The analysis of net infiltration in individual land units in extensive
and complex groundwater systems, such as the Gran Sasso, is a useful tool for the indirect study of groundwater flow. The
generalized direction of Gran Sasso groundwater flow is toward the south, i.e., from the areas with the highest net infiltration
to the areas with the lowest net infiltration, where the largest springs are located at low altitude. The average annual net
infiltration, estimated by the above method, is 506 mm/year, i.e., about 53% of the average annual rainfall (945 mm/year).
The results of the Gran Sasso water budget, obtained by the modified Thornthwaite method integrated with the CN method, are
considered to be satisfactory because the computed inflows (17.3 m3/s) and the measured outflows (17.4 m3/s), which are estimated for a period of about 40 years (1950–1990), are very similar.
Electronic Publication |
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| Keywords: | Italy net infiltration carbonate rocks groundwater recharge/water budget rainfall/runoff |
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