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Using Multivariate Statistical and Geostatistical Methods to Identify Spatial Variability of Trace Elements in Agricultural Soils in Dongguan City,Guangdong,China |
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| Authors: | Dou Lei Zhou Yongzhang Ma Jin Li Yong Cheng Qiuming Xie Shuyun Du Haiyan You Yuanhang Wan Hongfu |
| Institution: | 1. Center for Earth Environment and Resources, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074, China; Department of Earth and Space Science and Engineering, York University,Toronto ON M3J1P3, Canada 3. Guangdong Provincial Survey of Geology, Guangzhou 510800, China 4. Guangdong Institute of Eco-environment and Soil Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China |
| Abstract: | Dongguan (东莞) City, located in the Pearl River Delta, South China, is famous for its rapid industrialization in the past 30 years. A total of 90 topsoil samples have been collected from agricultural fields, including vegetable and orchard soils in the city, and eight heavy metals (As, Cu, Cd,Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and other items (pH values and organic matter) have been analyzed, to evaluate the influence of anthropie activities on the environmental quality of agricultural soils and to identify the spatial distribution of trace elements and possible sources of trace elements. The elements Hg, Pb, and Cd have accumulated remarkably here, incomparison with the soil background content of elements in Guangdong (广东) Province. Pollution is more serious in the western plain and the central region, which are heavily distributed with industries and rivers. Multivariate and geostatistical methods have been applied to differentiate the influences of natural processes and human activities on the pollution of heavy metals in topsoils in the study area. The results of cluster analysis (CA) and factor analysis (FA) show that Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, and As are grouped in factor F1,Pb in F2, and Cd and Hg in F3, respectively. The spatial pattern of the three factors may be well demonstrated by geostatistical analysis. It is shown that the first factor could be considered as a natural source controlled by parent rocks. The second factor could be referred to as "industrial and traffic pollution sources". The source of the third factor is mainly controlled by long-term anthropic activities ,ad a consequence of agricultural fossil fuel consumption and atmospheric deposition. |
| Keywords: | trace metal spatial distribution source multivasriate statistics Pearl River Delte (South China) |
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