Carbonate xenoliths hosted by the Mesoproterozoic Siddanpalli Kimberlite Cluster (Eastern Dharwar craton): implications for the geodynamic evolution of southern India and its diamond and uranium metallogenesis |
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Authors: | N V Chalapathi Rao M Anand A Dongre I Osborne |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Geology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India 2. Institute of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Mineral Resources, Technical University of Clausthal, Adolphe Romer Stra?e, 38678, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany 3. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, CEPSAR, The Open University, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK 4. Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK 5. Postgraduate Department of Geology, Government Institute of Science, Aurangabad, 431001, India
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Abstract: | A number of limestone and metasomatised carbonate xenoliths occur in the 1,090 Ma Siddanpalli kimberlite cluster, Raichur
kimberlite Field, Eastern Dharwar craton, southern India. These xenoliths are inferred to have been derived from the carbonate
horizons of the Kurnool (Palnad) and Bhima Proterozoic basins and provide evidence for a connection between these basins in
the geological past. A revised Mesoproterozoic age is proposed for the Bhima and Kurnool (Palnad) basins based on this kimberlite
association and is in agreement with similar proposals made recently for the Chattisgarh and Upper Vindhyan sediments in Central
India. The observed Bhima–Kurnool interbasinal uplift may have been caused by: (1) extension- or plume-related mafic alkaline
magmatism that included the emplacement of the southern Indian kimberlites at ~1.1 Ga, (2) mantle plume-related doming of
the peninsular India during the Cretaceous, or (3) Quaternary differential uplift in this region. It is not possible, with
the currently available geological information to constrain the exact timing of this uplift. The deep erosion of primary diamond
sources in the Raichur kimberlite Field in the upper reaches of the Krishna River caused by this uplift could be the elusive
source of the alluvial diamonds of the Krishna valley. Mesoproterozoic sedimentary basins can host world class unconformity-type
uranium deposits. In light of its inferred Mesoproterozoic age, a more detailed stratigraphic and metallogenic analysis of
the Kurnool basin is suggested for uranium exploration. |
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