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| 高温高压微束衍射实验进展及其地学应用 | |
| 引用本文： | 肖万生,翁克难,刘景,谢鸿森.高温高压微束衍射实验进展及其地学应用[J].地学前缘,2005,12(1):102-114. |
| 作者姓名： | 肖万生 翁克难 刘景 谢鸿森 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院,广州地球化学研究所,广东,广州,510640 2. 中国科学院,高能物理研究所,北京,100049 3. 中国科学院,地球化学研究所,贵州,贵阳,550002 |
| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程项目;中国科学院资助项目;BEPC重点课题 |
| 摘 要： | 同步辐射X射线微束衍射技术与静态高压装置(包括金刚石压砧设备和大腔体压力机设备)结合运用是研究高温高压下物质晶体结构、相变等的有效方法。金刚石压砧高温高压实验技术的发展体现在:在产生极端高温高压的同时,获得准确的实验温度压力值,采用充装气体传压介质等方法减小压力梯度,采用激光双面加温技术和改进激光光路以减小样品径向和轴向的温度梯度。大腔体压力机高温高压实验技术的发展主要表现在产生更高的实验压力,以及测试过程中使样品在一定幅度摆动以消除晶体生长和择优取向对衍射数据的影响。同步辐射X射线微束衍射技术的发展主要表现在更高亮度和更宽能量范围的同步辐射光源的使用、X射线聚焦技术的发展,以及角色散X射线衍射测试技术的进步。介绍了近年来高温高压微束衍射实验在地球科学领域所取得的一些最新进展,包括硅酸盐超钙钛矿的实验发现,铁的高温高压相变及熔融曲线、SiO2 超斯石英相变、橄榄石尖晶石相—超尖晶石相转变压力的精确测定等研究结果;认为硅酸盐超钙钛矿的进一步深入研究,水对地球深部矿物岩石力学性质及熔融行为的影响,高温高压下物质的化学反应性和地球深部元素的地球化学行为等,是今后高温高压实验研究的重要方向。 |
| 关 键 词： | 高温高压 金刚石压砧 激光双面加温 同步辐射微束X射线衍射 地球深部 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321(2005)01-0102-13 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年12月9日 |
Progress in high-pressure and high-temperature experiments using micro-beam X-ray diffraction technique and its applications to Earth sciences |
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| XIAO Wan-sheng,WENG Ke-nan,LIU Jing,XIE Hong-sen.Progress in high-pressure and high-temperature experiments using micro-beam X-ray diffraction technique and its applications to Earth sciences[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(1):102-114. | |
| Authors: | XIAO Wan-sheng WENG Ke-nan LIU Jing XIE Hong-sen |
| Abstract: | Three mantle types of lithospheric mantle can be recognized in eastern North China craton. They are:1 craton type; 2 continental mobile belt type; and 3 continental rifting type. From 1 700 Ma to the end of the Palaeozoic, the lithospheric mantle in the study area is of the craton type with less enrichment and (ε(Nd,t)>-5.) During this time, the asthenospheric mantle-derived silicic / carbonatitic melt and fluids interacted with old refractory lithospheric mantle. In the Mesozoic (190～100 Ma), the lithospheric mantle experienced a vast secular evolution and changed into a continental mobile belt type with lower ε(Nd,t)from -5 to -18. The available data of basic and intermediate-basic volcanic rocks show that the mantle sources contained lower crust components obviously. The main interaction was that of a delaminated continental lower crust with a weakening lithospheric mantle.As a result, the depth of magma sources was confined to near the Moho. Almost all magma types during this time were of calc-alkaline affinity,with depleted HFSE. These rocks are common in study area with an emplacement peak time at about 130 Ma . Considerable thinning of the lithosphere resulted in the doming and uplift from 100 Ma to the Cenozoic. This led to another secular evolution. The mantle was of the continental rifting type with OIB～MORB-like Sr-Nd isotopic signatures and different from Palaeozoic and Mesozoic mantle. The (ε(Nd,t)>0) and changed progressively from OIB to near MORB with the decreasing age. The transition of deep-seated interaction of crust-mantle to L-A interaction lasted approximate 40 Ma beginning at 107～100 Ma. Volcanic rocks are tholeiitics and alkaline basalts. These volcanic rocks are distributed along NWW- and NEE-trending fault, which shows that the uplifting asthenosphere was extended during that time. It might demonstrate the heterogeneity and activeness of the asthenosphere uplifting. |
| Keywords: | craton type mantle continental mobile belt mantle continental rifting mantle weakening lithospheric mantle |
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