| 地球内部物质、能量交换与资源和灾害 |
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| 引用本文： | 滕吉文.地球内部物质、能量交换与资源和灾害[J].地学前缘,2001,8(3):1-8. |
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| 作者姓名： | 滕吉文 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 40 0 740 2 0 ) |
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| 摘 要： | 研究地球内部结构、圈层耦合和深层动力过程是一系列地学前沿问题的基础。地球表面所见地球物理场异常、地质构造格局、地球化学组分无一不受到地球内部物质、能量交换过程的制约 ,如地球圈层的形成与演化 ,大陆伸展与裂谷形成 ,造山带与盆地 ,资源与能源 ,地震“孕育”、发生和发展的深部介质和构造环境 ,地球内核速度差异旋转等 ,均为深部物质运移和物理学、化学及地质构造耦合的产物。然而至今有很多要素与深层过程尚处于定性的与推断的阶段 ,对其探索的深度与本质知之甚少 ,故尚待不断深入研究和发现。文中提出的科学问题乃是当今地球科学领域中的前沿问题。文章主要讨论 3个问题 :( 1)问题的提出与思考 ;( 2 )金属矿产 ,大陆伸展与裂谷、盆地形成 ,地震“孕育” ,地球内核速度差异旋转与深部物质上涌 ;( 3 )地球内部物质、能量交换和圈层耦合与深层动力过程。当今世界上对这些科学问题的研究刚刚开始 ,有一些结果或说法也还是定性的、轮廓的或推断的。为此 ,文中对所论述的每一方面的科学内涵均提出了一系列问题 ,并给出了为解决这些问题而必须研究的主体领域。
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| 关 键 词： | 地球内部物质与能量的交换 核幔边界 岩石地球化学组成 地幔热柱 圈层耦合 深层动力过程 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321(2001)03-0001-08 |
| 修稿时间： | 2001年4月16日 |
THE EXCHANGE OF SUBSTANCE AND ENERGY,DIFFERENT SPHERE COUPLING AND DEEP DYNAMICAL PROCESS WITHIN THE EARTH |
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| TENG Ji-wen.THE EXCHANGE OF SUBSTANCE AND ENERGY,DIFFERENT SPHERE COUPLING AND DEEP DYNAMICAL PROCESS WITHIN THE EARTH[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2001,8(3):1-8. |
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| Authors: | TENG Ji-wen |
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| Abstract: | The scientific problems of the exchange of substance and energy, of the different sphere coupling and of the deep process within the Earth are the inevitability for the development and the quantitative study of Earth science in recent years. They are the foundation and source of a series of scientific frontiers and key problems of Earth science. Recent observations in the ground surface have shown that the geophysical anomalies, the tectonic pattern and the geochemical compositions are all controlled by the exchange of substance and energy and the deep process in Earth's interior. For example, the origin and evolution of different spheres within the Earth, continental extension and rift valley, orogenic zone and basin, nature resources and sources of energy, deep medium and structure environment for occurrence and development of strong earthquakes, differential rotation of the Earth's inner core and so on were the results of the coupling effect of deep substance movement, physical and chemical process and geological tectonics.In this paper,the author is discussing the following three problems:(1) Advancing and deep thinking of the problems;(2) Mineral resources, continental extension and rift valley, basin formation, earthquake "pregnancy", differential rotation of the Earth's inner core with upwelling of deep substance;(3) The exchange of substance and energy, different sphere coupling and deep dynamical process within the Earth.The study of these scientific problems is just at its beginning at present. Some results or formulations were formed in a qualitative form, or as an outline or an inference. Definitely, for some problems we have only little knowledge.This paper also analyses and advances a series of problems for the scientific connotation discussed, and indicates the main research domains that are important for deepening the understanding of these geoscience problems and solving them. |
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| Keywords: | exchange of substance and energy mantle and core boundary petrological and geochemical compositions mantle plume different sphere coupling deep dynamical process |
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