| 基于污染负荷核算的岷江流域总磷污染成因分析及对策 |
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| 引用本文： | 温泉,马迎群,时瑶,迟明慧,秦延文,刘志超,杨晨晨.基于污染负荷核算的岷江流域总磷污染成因分析及对策[J].地学前缘,2020,27(4):332-339. |
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| 作者姓名： | 温泉 马迎群 时瑶 迟明慧 秦延文 刘志超 杨晨晨 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国环境科学研究院 水生态环境研究所, 北京 100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2017ZX07206-001-03);四川省科技项目(SCZC328301_20160004) |
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| 摘 要： | 总磷是长江流域水环境污染的首要超标因子,岷江作为长江上游流量最大的支流,总磷污染严重,对长江总磷污染贡献较大。为了解岷江流域总磷污染,采用排污系数法,计算得到2016年岷江流域污染源总磷入河量为1 154 t,以农村生活污染负荷占比最高(51.3%),其次为城镇生活源(28.7%)、农业非点源(8.24%)、工业源(9.57%)、畜禽养殖源(1.21%),城市径流源(0.99%)最低;在空间上岷江流域总磷污染负荷呈中游(64.2%)>下游(32.6%)>上游(3.1%)的特点,与岷江干流总磷浓度变化趋势相符,其中成都市总磷污染负荷最高(51.2%),与区域人口密度高、生产和生活活动密集有关。结合资料收集和现场调查,岷江流域总磷污染成因主要包括农村生活污染治理缺口较大、城镇生活污染处理基础设施建设不足、工业企业密布、部分支流总磷污染严重、水污染治理导向不全面。针对岷江总磷污染负荷分布特征及成因,提出“上游保护优质水体、中游治理重污染水体、下游恢复不达标水体”的分区污染防治对策,统筹流域监管体制机制,强化岷江流域水环境保护和治理。
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| 关 键 词： | 岷江流域 总磷 污染负荷 污染成因 控制策略 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-09-12 |
Cause and control strategy of total phosphorus pollution in the Minjiang River Basin based on pollution load analysis |
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| WEN Quan,MA Yingqun,SHI Yao,CHI Minghui,QIN Yanwen,LIU Zhichao,YANG Chenchen.Cause and control strategy of total phosphorus pollution in the Minjiang River Basin based on pollution load analysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2020,27(4):332-339. |
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| Authors: | WEN Quan MA Yingqun SHI Yao CHI Minghui QIN Yanwen LIU Zhichao YANG Chenchen |
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| Institution: | Institute of Water Eco-environment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | Total phosphorus (TP) is the main water environmental pollutant in the Yangtze River Basin. Serious TP pollution in the Minjiang River, the largest tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, contributes greatly to the TP flux in the Yangtze River. In order to understand the TP pollution in the Minjiang River Basin, we used the discharge coefficient method to calculate the TP inflow of pollution sources in the basin in 2016, which turned out to be 1154 ton. The results also revealed that the main source of TP in the basin was rural life (51.3%), followed by urban life (28.7%), industrial (9.57%) and agricultural (8.24%) sources, livestock (1.12%), and urban runoff (0.99%). The pollution load order was middle reaches (64.2%)>lower reaches (32.6%)>upper reaches (3.1%), consistent with TP concentration change in the main stream of the Minjiang River. The highest load was found in Chengdu (51.2%), related to its high population density, intensive production and living activities. Based on collected data and field investigation, we consider the main causes of TP pollution in the Minjiang River are insufficient treatment for rural living waste, lack of infrastructure for urban waste treatment, dense industrial enterprise, serious TP pollution in some tributaries, and lack of guidance for water pollution control. In consideration of the characteristics and causes of TP pollution in the Minjiang River Basin, we concluded that in order to improve the level of environmental protection and control in the river basin, we need to develop different strategies for the upstream, midstream and downstream of the Minjiang River Basin, as well as an overall strategy for the entire river basin. |
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| Keywords: | Minjiang River Basin total phosphorus (TP) pollution load pollution causes control strategy |
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