| 降雨诱发坡面型泥石流形成机理 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨为民,吴树仁,张永双,石菊松,向灵芝.降雨诱发坡面型泥石流形成机理[J].地学前缘,2007,14(6):197-204. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨为民 吴树仁 张永双 石菊松 向灵芝 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国地质科学院,地质力学研究所,北京,100081
2. 安徽理工大学资源与环境工程系,安徽,淮南,232001 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金
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中国科学院社会公益项目研究专项 |
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| 摘 要： | 基于野外调查和室内测试分析,依据岩土体破坏准则理论,结合典型坡面型泥石流进行剖析,从坡面型泥石流形成的影响因素、运动学特征、动力条件、形成与演化过程等方面,探讨了降雨诱发坡面型泥石流的形成机理。研究结果表明:坡面流以平移式滑动方式破坏为主,通常发生于残坡积土层厚度小(≤2.0 m)的陡坡地带(坡度≥40°),降雨是坡面型泥石流的主要触发因素,雨水入渗促使斜坡残坡积岩土体饱和软化,当土体含水率超过28%~30%,粘聚力、内摩擦角与含水率关系曲线都出现了明显的拐点,即饱和度超过75%时,其粘聚力和内摩擦角都发生急剧降低,斜坡土体由稳定状态向破坏状态演化。遇持续降雨(或暴雨)作用,此种残坡积土局部发生失稳下滑——流土,进而在动水压力作用下发生下泻造浆形成坡面泥石流。
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| 关 键 词： | 坡面型泥石流 降雨 形成机理 残坡积土 陕西宁陕 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321（2007）06-0197-08 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-09-01 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-10-22 |
Research on formation mechanism of the debris flow on slope induced by rainfall |
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| Yang Weimin,Wu Shuren,Zhang Yongshuang,Shi Jusong,Xiang Lingzhi.Research on formation mechanism of the debris flow on slope induced by rainfall[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(6):197-204. |
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| Authors: | Yang Weimin Wu Shuren Zhang Yongshuang Shi Jusong Xiang Lingzhi |
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| Abstract: | Based on field investigation and lab tests,rock and soil fracture criterion,and analyses of typical debris flows on slope,the formation mechanism of the rainfall-induced debris flow on slope have been studied by considering its influential factors,kinematics properties,dynamic conditions,and formation and evolution process of the debris flow on slope.The research results indicate that the debris flow on slope is mainly of the type of translational slide failure,which is developed on the steep slope(where gradient is more than 40°) with shallow residual soil(thickness is less than 2.0 m).The rainfall is one of the important factors inducing the debris flow on slope.Rainwater penetration makes the residual soil saturate and soften.When water content of the residual soil is more than 28%-30%,the relation curves of cohesion and internal friction angle versus water content show obvious inflexion.That is,when the saturation of the residual soil is more than 75%,the cohesion and internal friction angle both decrease rapidly.The soil on slope will change from stable to destructive.The residual soil will start to form partly mollisol and slip down the slope if it meets persistent rainfall or rainstorm.Further,the sliding soil mass rushes down to create mud slurry-debris flow on slope. |
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| Keywords: | debris flow on slope rainfall formation mechanism residual soil Ningshan County of Shaanxi Province |
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