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| 中国陆区大规模成矿的地球动力学:以夕卡岩型金矿为例 | |
| 引用本文： | 陈衍景,陈华勇,K.ZAW,F.PIRAJNO,张增杰.中国陆区大规模成矿的地球动力学:以夕卡岩型金矿为例[J].地学前缘,2004,11(1):57-83. |
| 作者姓名： | 陈衍景 陈华勇 K.ZAW F.PIRAJNO 张增杰 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 北京大学,地球与空间科学学院,地质学系,北京,100871;中国科学院,地球化学研究所,贵州,贵阳,550002 2. 加拿大皇后大学,地质科学与工程系,Kingston Ontario,K7L 3N6 Canada 3. 塔斯马尼亚大学,矿床研究中心,Private Bag,79,Hobart,7001,Australia 4. 北京大学,地球与空间科学学院,地质学系,北京,100871;西澳大利亚地质调查所,100 Plain Street,Perth,WA 6004,Australia 5. 中国地质科学院,矿产资源研究所,北京,100037 |
| 基金项目： | 自然科学基金项目 ( 4 9672 119，49972 0 3 5，40 3 5 2 0 0 3 )，教育部跨世纪人才基金，重点项目 ( 0 10 0 5 )，科学技术部“九五” 攻关项目 ( 96 915 0 3 0 5 )，攀登项目 ( 96 预 3 9 40 )，国土资源大调查项目 |
| 摘 要： | 系统总结了中国不同构造单元 70个夕卡岩型金矿床的基本地质特征 ,其中 1个为超大型、1 9个大型和 2 4个中型矿床 ,总储量超过 1 0 0 0t,占全国探明储量的约 2 0 % ,表明夕卡岩型金矿是我国最重要金矿类型之一 ,值得今后地质研究和勘探工作重视。通过编制中国夕卡岩型金矿分布图 ,发现它们产于碰撞造山带、断裂岩浆带和活化克拉通边缘等 3类地区 ,所有夕卡岩型金矿集中区均受到显生宙陆陆碰撞的影响。通过对各成矿省夕卡岩型金矿和相关热液矿床及花岗岩类的同位素年龄统计 ,结合地质分析 ,发现中国夕卡岩型金矿的形成时间总晚于各成矿省最晚一次的洋盆闭合或陆陆碰撞的开始时间 ,约滞后 5 0Ma ,因此排除了它们形成于大洋板块俯冲所致的岩浆弧背景的可能性 ;通过联系各成矿省地质构造演化与碰撞造山带 p T t轨迹 ,确定各成矿省成矿作用和花岗岩浆作用均爆发于陆陆碰撞过程挤压伸展转变期的减压升温体制 ,而不是碰撞后。基于碰撞造山带构造几何和造山机制 ,认为中国夕卡岩型金矿及相关矿床的时空分布和成因适合于CMF模式解释 |
| 关 键 词： | 夕卡岩型金矿 大规模成矿作用 碰撞造山作用 挤压-伸展转变期 CMF模式 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321(2004)01-0057-27 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年3月14日 |
THE GEODYNAMIC SETTING OF LARGE-SCALE METALLOGENESIS IN MAINLAND CHINA,EXEMPLIFIED BY SKARN TYPE GOLD DEPOSITS |
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| CHEN Yan-jing.THE GEODYNAMIC SETTING OF LARGE-SCALE METALLOGENESIS IN MAINLAND CHINA,EXEMPLIFIED BY SKARN TYPE GOLD DEPOSITS[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004,11(1):57-83. | |
| Authors: | CHEN Yan-jing |
| Institution: | CHEN Yan-jing~ |
| Abstract: | This paper summarizes the geological characteristics of seventy skarn-type gold deposits occurred in various tectonic units of China. They include 1 super-large, 19 large and 24 medium-sized, and contain a total resource of approximately 1 000 tons of gold, accounting for 20% of China's gold reserves. This shows that skarn-type gold is one of the most important kinds of gold resources and worth of more attention in geological research and gold exploration. In compiling a distribution map of skarn-type gold deposits, it is found that gold-bearing skarns are sited in collisional orogenic belts, fault-controlled magmatic belts and reactivated cratonic margins. All of the Chinese skarn gold provinces were affected by Phanerozoic collisional orogenesis. On the basis of compiling the data set of isotope ages for skarn-type gold deposits and other kinds of hydrothermal deposits and their related granitoids, combined with a synthesis of geological evolution of different tectonic units, it is revealed that the metallogenesis of skarn-type gold deposits in China always postdated the final oceanic closure or the beginning of inter-continent collision in each tectonic unit by about 50 Ma. This rules out the possibility that these skarn-type gold deposits were formed in a magmatic arc setting resulted from oceanic plate subduction. Linking the common p-T-t path for collisional orogeny to the tectonic evolution of metallogenic provinces in China shows that the large-scale granitic magmatism and metallogenesis in China occurred in a decompression-geothermal increase regime during tectonic transition from collisional compression to extension, instead of post-collisional tectonism. Therefore, the CMF model, which is based on the architecture and dynamic mechanism of collision orogens, can be used to interpret the temporal and spatial distribution and the genesis of the skarn gold deposits in China. |
| Keywords: | skarn gold deposit large-scale metallogenesis continental collision transition stage from compression to extension CMF model |
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