| 地球系统、成矿系统到勘查系统 |
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| 引用本文： | 翟裕生.地球系统、成矿系统到勘查系统[J].地学前缘,2007,14(1):172-181. |
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| 作者姓名： | 翟裕生 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学,地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室,北京,100083 |
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| 摘 要： | 面对21世纪,矿床学和矿业发展有两大趋势(1)全球化;(2)矿产开发和环境保护的协调发展。矿床研究要扩展到全球背景。在简述地球系统和地球系统科学的基础上,提出了地质突发事件具有灾害和资源的两重性的观点。强调要从地球系统的大背景来研究成矿环境和成矿过程,也即将矿床成因和成矿系统研究提高到地球系统科学的层次,这是新世纪中矿床学发展的一个显著特点。成矿系统是一个有特色的地质系统,文中提出成矿系统论的5个要点(1)根据构造动力体制划分成矿系统大类;(2)多因耦合、临界转换的基本成矿机制;(3)矿床系列和地质-物探-化探-遥感异常系列共同构成的矿化网络;(4)矿床形成—变化—保存的全过程;(5)成矿系统的资源-环境双重效应。成矿系统论对于指导矿产勘查有重要意义。文中提出了成矿系统研究向勘查系统转化的原则和方法。通过对成矿系统的整体分析、空间分析、时间分析和历史分析,有助于明确找矿方向和目标。西藏朱诺斑岩铜矿的实践表明,勘查选区的核心问题是对找矿信息的分析、理解和把握。要将筛选关键找矿信息与分析成矿地质环境、控矿因素二者有机结合,赋予各种信息以客观、准确的地质内涵,是勘查选区成功的必要条件。最后,用“三环图”表示了地球系统、成矿系统和勘查系统的辩证关系。
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| 关 键 词： | 地球系统 成矿系统 勘查系统 地质事件 地质灾害 矿产资源 矿床学 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321（2007）01-0172-10 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-01-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007年1月4日 |
Earth system,metallogenic system to exploration system |
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| Zhai Yusheng.Earth system,metallogenic system to exploration system[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2007,14(1):172-181. |
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| Authors: | Zhai Yusheng |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | In the 21st century, the mineral deposit geology and mining industry shows two new important trends: (1) globalization; (2) harmonic development of ore exploitation and environmental protection. After a brief discussion on Earth system science, the author puts forward two viewpoints of the study of metallogeny based on Earth system science, namely: (1) a metallogenic system is a special kind of geological systems; (2) an abrupt geo-event shows dual features both of a disaster and of a mineral resource, i.e., a disaster may be a potential of mineral resource. The author stresses that research on ore-forming environment and ore-forming processes should be synchronized with the study of Earth system science, i.e., we should enhance metallogenic system research to the level of Earth system science, in order to provide a global basis for the development of mineral deposit geology. A metallogenic system is a natural system with ore-forming functions, which includes all geological factors and ore-forming parameters that control the mechanism of ore formation and ore preservation in a certain space-time interval, and a series of mineral deposits and a series of anomalies. The author proposes five essentials of the theory of metallogenic system, i.e., (1) the classification of metallogenic megasystems by tectonic settings, (2) the ore-forming mechanism based on multi-factor coupling and critical transformation, (3) the metallogenic network composed of a series of mineral deposits and a series of mineralization anomalies, (4) the whole process including ore formation, ore modification and ore preservation of a mineral deposit, (5) dual effects of a metallogenic system—as a mineral resource with environmental affection. Metallogenic system research is important for mineral exploration. Taking the discovery of Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit (in Tibet) as an example, the author indicates that the selection of a few key indicators of mineralization is very important for the mineral assessment. Finally, the paper uses a “figure with 3-rings” to express the dialectical relationship among the Earth system, metallogenic system and exploration system. |
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| Keywords: | Earth system metallogenic system exploration system geological event geological disaster mineral resource mineral deposit geology |
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