| 煤矸石堆放对水环境的影响——以山东省一些煤矸石堆为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 余运波,汤鸣皋,钟佐燊,沈照理.煤矸石堆放对水环境的影响——以山东省一些煤矸石堆为例[J].地学前缘,2001,8(1):163-169. |
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| 作者姓名： | 余运波 汤鸣皋 钟佐燊 沈照理 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学 水资源与环境工程系, |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（49632090） |
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| 摘 要： | 采集山东省一些煤矿煤矸石及其堆放区水体的样品进行研究 ,可知煤矸石中硫 (主要赋存在黄铁矿中 )的质量分数为 0 2 8%～ 2 9% ,是重要的水质污染源。大量的Si,Al,Fe ,Ca ,Mg等常量元素及含量较高的As,Pb ,Cr,Mn等微量元素都能对水体产生污染 ;煤矸石堆放区水体的pH值为 4 43～7 93,总硬度高 ,SO2 -4 浓度高 (平均为 12 0 1 0 2mg/L ,最高为 2 6 37 6 9mg/L ,超标 10倍多 ) ,微量有毒、有害组分 (Be ,V ,Mn ,Sr ,Mo ,Ni,F等 )均存在超标或浓度过高现象。对风化的与新鲜的煤矸石分别进行浸泡和淋滤实验发现 :黄铁矿的氧化导致了煤矸石堆放区相邻水体的SO2 -4 ,Fe ,Al的浓度增大 ,黄铁矿氧化生成的酸及其与钙镁盐岩的反应致使pH值变化范围大 ,水体的硬度升高 ;煤矸石风化生成的大量酸使淋滤液pH值降低 ,在酸的作用下水中Ca2 + 和Mg2 + 的浓度增大并维持在一定的水平 ,风化使煤矸石中的黄铁矿发生氧化并以可溶性Fe和硫酸盐形式迁移至淋滤液中 ,煤矸石中赋含的多种多环芳烃能迁移到附近的水体中 ,对环境造成大量的有机物污染 ,这一污染应引起有关方面的高度重视。
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| 关 键 词： | 煤矸石 黄铁矿 风化 多环芳烃 |
| 文章编号： | 1005-2321(2001)01-0163-07 |
| 修稿时间： | 2000年9月28日 |
THE INFLUENCE OF COAL-MINING WASTE PILES ON HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT IN SHANDONG PROVINCE |
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| YU Yun-bo.THE INFLUENCE OF COAL-MINING WASTE PILES ON HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT IN SHANDONG PROVINCE[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2001,8(1):163-169. |
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| Authors: | YU Yun-bo |
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| Abstract: | Water samples collected nearby gangue piles and gangue samplescollected from several coal mines in Shandong Province were studied. The data indicate that sulfur in gangue is the serious contamination source of adjacent water body and the sulfur mostly lies in pyrite with the mass percentage varying from 0.28% to 2.9%. A great deal of macrocomponents (Si, Al, Fe, Ca, Mg and so on) and high level macrocomponents such as As, Pb, Cr and Mn are important sources of contamination of groundwater and surface water. The water body’s pH value ranges from 4.43 to 7.93, the hardness is high and the level of sulfate is significantly high (the mean value is 1 201.02 mg/L, the maximum value is 2 637.39 mg/L, which exceeds over ten times of limited value). The contents of the hazard and toxic elements such as Be, U, Mn, Ni, and F are fairly high or exceed the limit values. Somewhat weathered gangue and fresh gangue samples were selected for the extraction and leaching experiment. The following conclusions were drawn from the comparison experiment : the oxidation of pyrite brought about a fairly high level of SO2－4, Fe, and Al in adjacent water body nearby the gangue pile sites; acid formed by the oxidation of pyrite reacted with Caand Mgcarbonates, which resulted in the increasing of hardness and a widely varying of pH; acid originated from weathering of gangue led to pH decrease in infiltration solution; with the action of acid, the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ increased and remained at a high level; during the weathering of gangue, pyrite was oxidized, Fe and S transported into leaching solution in the form of soluble Fe and SO2－4; there are many kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) in gangue, and they can be liberated and enter into water body,which bring about an organic contamination, so more attention should be paid to this kind of contamination and more work needs to be done. |
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| Keywords: | gangue pyrite weathering polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) |
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