| 地浸采铀矿山地下水环境修复研究进展 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 孙占学,马文洁,刘亚洁,刘金辉,周义朋.地浸采铀矿山地下水环境修复研究进展[J].地学前缘,2021,28(5):215-225. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 孙占学 马文洁 刘亚洁 刘金辉 周义朋 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,江西南昌330013 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41772266);国家核设施退役及放射性废物治理专项 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 地浸采铀技术已成为世界采铀的主流工艺,采区退役后地下水环境修复亦为人们所关注的热点。文章简要介绍了碱法、中性和酸法三种典型地浸采铀技术的特点,系统分析了地浸采铀对地下水环境的影响,并以酸法地浸铀矿山地下水环境修复技术为例,重点介绍了物理化学修复技术和生物修复技术及其原理与应用,归纳总结了其优缺点,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。指出下一步应加强在酸性与氧化环境中能使铀固定并长期稳定的新技术,高活性、强适应性修复菌群的选育、驯化技术,地下水异位-原位协同生物修复技术,以及放射性核素及重金属在铀矿地浸地下水环境中的吸附-解吸、氧化-还原、溶解-沉淀等行为与机理及其主控因素等方面的研究。
|
| 关 键 词： | 酸法地浸 铀污染 硫酸盐污染 生物修复 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-04-10 |
Research progress on groundwater contamination and remediation in in situ leaching uranium mines |
| |
| SUN Zhanxue,MA Wenjie,LIU Yajie,LIU Jinhui,ZHOU Yipeng.Research progress on groundwater contamination and remediation in in situ leaching uranium mines[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2021,28(5):215-225. |
| |
| Authors: | SUN Zhanxue MA Wenjie LIU Yajie LIU Jinhui ZHOU Yipeng |
| |
| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China |
| |
| Abstract: | In situ leaching is a mainstream technology that has been widely used in uranium mining around the world, and groundwater restoration in the leaching area is of public concern. In this article, groundwater environments are systematically characterized in the three-leaching (i.e., alkaline, neutral and acidic leaching) technology-based mines. Considering acidic leaching of uranium has the most significant environmental impact, remediation technologies including physicochemical remediation and bioremediation as well as their mechanisms and applications are critically reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of the remediation technologies are highlighted. Finally, the potential research gaps are identified, which include (1) new technology for uranium fixation and long-term stability in acidic and oxidizing environments; (2) breeding, domestication technology for highly active and strongly adaptive repair bacteria; (3) ex situ and in situ cooperative bioremediation technology of groundwater; and (4) studies on the mechanisms and controlling factors of the adsorption-desorption, oxidation-reduction, dissolution-precipitation of radionuclides and heavy metals in the groundwater environment of in situ leaching uranium mining. |
| |
| Keywords: | acid leaching uranium contamination sulfate contamination bioremediation |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 万方数据 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《地学前缘》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《地学前缘》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
