| 俄罗斯堪察加中部Baranevskoy金-银矿床矿物学与流体包裹体研究 |
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| 作者姓名： | Victor M. Okrugin Elena D. Skilskaia |
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| 作者单位： | Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Boulevard, 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia |
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| 基金项目： | Funded projects: The Japanese Government Scholarship(MEXT);The Russian Academy Foundation(Grant)(12-05-31369);Far East Ressian Research(Grants)(12-Ⅲ-B-08-168);Far East Ressian Research(Grants)(13-Ⅲ-B-08-193);Far East Ressian Research(Grants)(14-Ⅲ-B-08-192) |
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| 摘 要： | Baranevskoy金-银矿床产于巴尔喀什火山的火山口,该火山坐落在堪察加中部矿区东南部。本文基于矿物学原理和流体包裹体数据分析探讨了Baranevskoy金-银矿床的成矿环境及其物理化学条件。Baranevskoy金-银矿床的围岩为中新世—上新世的安山岩和玄武岩。热液蚀变活动随深度逐渐变化,从而可以进一步划分出最深部的石英带、中部的石英-绢云母(明矾石)-黄铁矿-铁钛氧化物带及其伴生的石英-绢云母-伊利石-黄铁矿矿物组合和浅部的石英-冰长石-水云母-黏土矿物-碳酸盐岩带。成矿早期存在密集浸染的铜矿化,主要矿石矿物有黄铜矿、斑铜矿、砷黝铜矿-黝铜矿,并在Rhzavaya矿脉中存在少量的自然金。其中砷黝铜矿-黝铜矿系列以砷黝铜矿和黝铜矿两个端员作为代表,且以黝铜矿为主。成矿后期产出代表晚期金-银矿化的自然金、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、闪锌矿、方铅矿、碲化物和硫酸盐等标志性矿物。早期铜矿化(第一期)被认为是中硫阶段,紧随其后的为低硫型金-银矿化(第二期和第三期)。金从第一期到第三期都有沉淀。经研究发现,自然金也赋存于变质围岩的岩石裂隙内。早期的自然金相对富银,其中金的摩尔分数为59%~65%,低于后期(第二、第三期)自然金中金的摩尔分数(64%~72%)。流体包裹体显微测温结果显示,位于中部(Central)矿脉的包裹体均一温度为190~280 ℃,Rzhavaya矿脉的包裹体为190~240 ℃,产出自然金的蚀变围岩中石英的包裹体温度为230~310 ℃。包裹体总体表现出低盐度(0.9%~2.4% NaCleq)特征,推测存在大气水的混入。
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| 关 键 词： | 金 矿床 火山弧 斑铜矿 气液包裹体 堪察加 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-03-11 |
Mineralogy and fluid inclusions study of the Baranevskoye gold-silver deposit,central Kamchatka,Russia |
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| Victor M. Okrugin,Elena D. Skilskaia.Mineralogy and fluid inclusions study of the Baranevskoye gold-silver deposit,central Kamchatka,Russia[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2020,27(5):136-150. |
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| Authors: | Victor M Okrugin Elena D Skilskaia |
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| Institution: | Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip Boulevard, 9, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky 683006, Russia |
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| Abstract: | The Baranevskoye gold-silver deposit occurs within the caldera of the Balkhach volcano in the south-east part of the Central Kamchatka mining district. The host rocks are andesite, basalt of Miocene-Pliocene age. The hydrothermal alteration varies as a function of depth and is subdivided into deepest quartize zone, intermediate zones of quartz-sericite(alunite)-pyrite-Fe-Ti-oxides and quartz-sericite-illite-pyrite associations, and shallow quartz-adularia-hydromica-clay-carbonate zone. Mineralogical study reveals three major stages of mineralization. The early stage is present by a highly disseminated copper-rich mineralization with main ore minerals of chalcopyrite, bornite, tennantite-tetrahedrite, and rare gold occurring in the Rzhavaya vein. Tennantite-tetrahedrite series is represented by two end-members of tennantite and tetrahedrite with tetrahedrite preponderating. Later stages are characterized by advanced Au-Ag mineralization containing gold, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, tellurides, and sulfosalts. The early Cu-rich mineralization (stage I) is designated as an intermediated state, followed by later low-sulfidation Au-Ag mineralization (stages II and III). Gold was constantly deposited through from Stage I to Stage III. Crystalline gold was also found in void-space in the altered host rocks. Early gold is relatively Ag-rich with Au content of about 59-65% compared to later gold of Stage II and III (Au 64-72%). Fluid inclusion microthermometry shows homogenization temperatures between 190-280 ℃ for the Central vein, 190-240 ℃ for the Rzhavaya vein and 230-310 ℃ for the quartz of the altered host rocks associated with crystalline gold. Low salinity of the fluid inclusions (0.9-2.4 wt.% NaCl eq.) suggests an influx of the meteoric waters. Based on mineralogical and fluid inclusions data the physicochemical conditions of the ore formation are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | gold ore deposit volcanic arc bornite fluid inclusion Kamchatka |
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