| 土壤重金属地球化学特征及环境评价——以张北县二台镇为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 李航,谭科艳,张隆隆,袁欣,朱晓华,王玉,蔡敬怡.土壤重金属地球化学特征及环境评价——以张北县二台镇为例[J].地球学报,2022,43(5):665-675. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李航 谭科艳 张隆隆 袁欣 朱晓华 王玉 蔡敬怡 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质科学院国家地质实验测试中心自然资源部生态地球化学重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局“北京及周边地区综合地质调查”项目(编号: DD20190655) |
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| 摘 要： | 张家口北部坝上草原地区属于典型的半干旱草原牧区, 近年来受到人为活动影响, 土地荒漠化加剧, 草原生态系统受损严重。本研究依据张北县二台镇土地利用现状边界布设了136个土壤采样点, 测定了土壤21个指标。运用主成分分析法与GIS空间插值(IDW)方法来分析土壤中重金属元素的空间迁移富集与分异机理, 并采用地累积指数法、潜在生态危害指数法对表层土壤9种重金属元素(Cd、Hg、Mn、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni和As)污染程度、生态风险进行评价。结果显示: 研究区9种重金属元素土壤环境质量单指标等级评价以一等、低风险土壤为主。根据因子分析和主成分分析, Hg、Pb受人类活动及成土母质控制, 其余7种元素均受成土母质的控制。地累积指数结果显示, 9种重金属元素除Hg以外地累积指数均小于0, 总体为无污染等级, Hg为中污染等级。潜在生态危害指数结果显示Hg和Cd为潜在危害元素, 其中Hg整体达到很强生态危害程度, Cd达到中等生态危害程度, 其他元素为轻微生态危害程度。重金属综合生态危害指数(RI)表明在研究区七间窑村—哈拉勿素村以西地区为中等生态危害风险区, 其余地区为轻微生态危害风险区。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤重金属 地球化学 风险评价 潜在生态风险指数 张北县二台镇 |
Geochemical Characteristics and Environmental Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals: A Case Study of Ertai Town, Zhangbei County |
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| LI Hang,TAN Ke-yan,ZHANG Long-long,YUAN Xin,ZHU Xiao-hu,WANG Yu,CAI Jing-yi.Geochemical Characteristics and Environmental Assessment of Soil Heavy Metals: A Case Study of Ertai Town, Zhangbei County[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,2022,43(5):665-675. |
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| Authors: | LI Hang TAN Ke-yan ZHANG Long-long YUAN Xin ZHU Xiao-hu WANG Yu CAI Jing-yi |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Eco-Geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, National Research Center for Geoanalysis,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences |
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| Abstract: | The Bashang grassland in northern Zhangjiakou is a typical semi-arid grassland pastoral area. In recent years, desertification has been aggravated due to human activities, and the grassland ecosystem has been seriously damaged. According to the boundary of land use status of Ertai Town, Zhangbei County, 136 soil sampling sites were set up and 21 soil index elements were analyzed. Based on Principal component analysis and GIS spatial interpolation (IDW), the spatial distribution characteristics, enrichment, and fractionation of heavy metals in the soil were evaluated. The environmental pollution status and ecological risks of nine heavy metal elements (Cd, Hg, Mn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, and As) in topsoil were evaluated using the Geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index. These results indicated that the soil environmental quality grade evaluation of the nine heavy metal elements was dominated by the first-class and low-risk soils. According to the factor and principal component analyses, the levels of Hg and Pb are controlled by both human activities and soil-forming parent materials, whereas those of the other seven elements are controlled by soil-forming parent materials alone. The geo-accumulation indices of eight heavy metal elements except Hg were less than 0, and the overall levels were within no pollution limits. The level of Hg was in the medium pollution range. The results of the potential ecological risk index showed that Hg and Cd were potentially hazardous elements with strong and moderate ecological hazard levels, respectively; the other elements have a slight ecological hazard level. The comprehensive ecological risk index (RI) of heavy metals showed that the area west of Qijianyao village, Halawusu village, was a moderate ecological risk area, and the rest of the areas were at slight ecological risk. |
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| Keywords: | soil heavy metals geochemistry risk evaluation potential ecological risk index Ertai Town Zhangbei County |
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