| 西昆仑及邻区成矿规律和成矿系列 |
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| 引用本文： | 韩春明,肖文交,方爱民,毛启贵,敖松坚,张继恩,宋东方.西昆仑及邻区成矿规律和成矿系列[J].岩石学报,2021,37(12):3615-3644. |
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| 作者姓名： | 韩春明 肖文交 方爱民 毛启贵 敖松坚 张继恩 宋东方 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 中国科学院矿产资源研究重点实验室, 北京 100029;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆矿产资源研究中心, 乌鲁木齐 830011;中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所, 岩石圈演化国家重点实验室, 北京 100029 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文受青藏高原科学考察任务八之综合专题（2019QZKK0806）和国家自然科学基金项目（41772078、41562007）联合资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 成矿系列是研究区域成矿规律的一种学术思想，主张用系统论、活动论的观点研究在地质历史发展的各阶段、各特定地质构造环境中成矿作用的过程及形成的矿床组合自然体。本文基于对西昆仑及邻区大地构造演化的新认识和新理解，结合研究区境内外地质和矿产勘查研究新进展，尤其是大批成矿年龄精测数据和对成岩成矿物质来源的新认识，将西昆仑及邻区内生金属矿产资源划分为8个主要矿床成矿系列：（1）古元古代鞍山式沉积变质型铁矿成矿系列；（2）中元古代层控碳酸盐岩型铁铜金矿床成矿系列；（3）志留纪沉积变质岩系有关的Fe矿床成矿系列；（4）晚泥盆世-早石炭世层控碳酸盐岩型铅锌（铜）矿床成矿系列；（5）石炭纪火山岩型块状硫化物铜矿床成矿系列；（6）晚石炭世层控碳酸盐岩型锰矿床成矿系列；（7）侏罗纪-白垩纪层控（MVT）和沉积喷流型（SEDEX）型铅锌矿床成矿系列；（8）中新生代与伟晶岩有关的稀有金属矿床成矿系列。叙述了各个成矿系列的成矿地质背景、成矿特征、矿床组合、时空分布规律和典型矿床特征等。本次成矿系列的划分，强调以重大构造事件作为背景，突出以重大构造事件与大规模成矿的耦合关系作为出发点，力求从更大尺度上认识矿床形成的成矿动力学背景。值得指出的是，研究区幅员辽阔，不少矿床的成矿系列具有明显空间递变性，如与特提斯洋闭合和碰撞有关的成矿事件横跨原特提斯-古特提斯和新特提斯阶段；北昆仑地体为塔里木古陆的一部分，记录从古元古代早期到新元古代的构造演化对Rodinia 超大陆汇聚和裂解的响应。在长期演化过程中，西昆仑及其邻区形成了独特的成矿系列。
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| 关 键 词： | 矿床成矿系列 成矿规律 成矿历史演化 西昆仑 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/3/9 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/6/4 0:00:00 |
Metallogenic regularity and metallogenic series of West Kunlun and its adjacent areas |
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| HAN ChunMing,XIAO WenJiao,FANG AiMin,Mao QiGui,AO SongJian,ZHANG JiEn,SONG DongFang.Metallogenic regularity and metallogenic series of West Kunlun and its adjacent areas[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2021,37(12):3615-3644. |
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| Authors: | HAN ChunMing XIAO WenJiao FANG AiMin Mao QiGui AO SongJian ZHANG JiEn SONG DongFang |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;Xinjiang Research Center for Mineral Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China |
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| Abstract: | Metallogenic series is a kind of academic thought on the study of regional metallogenic regularity. It proposes to study the process of mineralization and the natural bodies of ore deposits formed in various stages of geological history development and in specific geological tectonic environments from the viewpoint of system theory and activity theory. Based on new understandings of the tectonic evolution of West Kunlun and its neighboring areas, combined with new progress of geological and mineral exploration and research in this area, especially the large number of ore-forming age data and new understanding on diagenetic ore-forming material sources, the raw metal mineral resources of the West Kunlun and its adjacent areas are divided into eight main metallogenic series of ore deposits: (1) Paleoproterozoic Anshan-type sedimentary metamorphic iron ore metallogenic series; (2) metallogenic series of Mesoproterozoic strata-controlled carbonate type Fe-Cu-Au deposits; (3) iron deposit metallogenic series related to Silurian sedimentary metamorphic rock series; (4) metallogenic series of Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous strata-controlled carbonate Pb-Zn (Cu) deposits; (5) metallogenic series of Carboniferous volcanic massive sulfide copper deposits; (6) Late Carboniferous strata-controlled carbonate type manganese deposit metallogenic series; (7) Jurassic-Cretaceous strata-controlled (MVT) and Sedex-type (Sedex) lead-zinc mineralization series; and (8) metallogenic series of rare metal deposits related to pegmatite in Mesozoic and Cenozoic. On the basis of the division of metallogenic series, the distribution maps of major ore deposits in each metallogenic series are worked out, and the metallogenic geological backgrounds, metallogenic characteristics, ore deposit assemblages, space-time distribution law and typical ore deposit characteristics of each metallogenic series are briefly discussed. The division of this metallogenic series emphasizes the major tectonic events as the background and the coupling relationship between the major tectonic events and large-scale mineralization as the starting point, and strives to understand the metallogenic dynamic background of the deposit formation on a larger scale. It is worth pointing out that the study area covers a vast area, and the metallogenic series of many deposits have obvious spatial variability. For example, the metallogenic events related to the closure and collision of the Tethyan Ocean span the Proto-Tethyan, Paleo-Tethyan and Neo-Tethyan stages. The North Kunlun terrane is a part of the Tarim ancient land, which records the response of tectonic evolution from Early Paleoproterozoic to the convergence and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia supercontinent. Unique metallogenic series have been formed in West Kunlun and its adjacent areas during the long-term evolution. |
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| Keywords: | Ore deposit metallogenic series Metallogenic regularity Metallogenic history and evolution West Kunlun |
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