| 塔里木盆地北部志留系顶面不整合中陆相原油的成藏历史与油气富集机制 |
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| 引用本文： | 苏劲,杨海军,杨文静,王宇,张斌,刘永福,刘星旺.塔里木盆地北部志留系顶面不整合中陆相原油的成藏历史与油气富集机制[J].岩石学报,2012,28(8):2493-2505. |
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| 作者姓名： | 苏劲 杨海军 杨文静 王宇 张斌 刘永福 刘星旺 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京,100083
2. 中国石油塔里木油田勘探开发研究院,库尔勒,841000 |
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| 基金项目： | 本文受中国石油科技研究项目(2008A-0607)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 塔里木盆地志留系发育厚层沥青砂,显示优越的含油气性.继塔中地区志留系原油勘探取得突破之后,塔北地区志留系砂岩风化壳型储层也发现了工业油藏.根据原油的甾、萜烷和噻吩类生物标记化合物的分布特征,结合原油的物理化学性质以及族组分稳定碳同位素特征分析,明确了塔北西部英买35井区志留系风化壳原油来源于库车凹陷三叠系黄山街组湖相烃源岩,与塔北东部同发育在志留系风化壳剥蚀尖灭线附近的哈得18C井海相原油形成鲜明对比.通过志留系砂岩流体包裹体均一温度测试,结合地层埋藏史研究成果,推断英买35井区志留系砂岩主要成藏时间为距今5 ～ 8Ma的晚喜山期.结合库车凹陷两套陆相烃源岩的生烃演化重构了该区域湖相原油的成藏过程,表明康村组沉积后白垩系卡普沙良群与志留系风化壳是湖相油气向台盆区输导的重要通道,预示着湖相原油运移充注的范围十分广泛.成藏机理分析表明,志留系风化壳的构造幅度和面积控制了油气的充注范围,直接盖层的封盖条件控制了风化壳储层的含油气性.塔北地区东、西部志留系风化壳的暴露时间和地层组合关系的差异,是东部形成海相含油气系统,而西部发育海、陆相油藏垂向上叠置,互不交叉的复式含油气系统的重要原因.
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| 关 键 词： | 不整合 陆相原油 富集机制 成藏历史 志留系 塔里木盆地北部 |
| 收稿时间： | 2011/12/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/4/23 0:00:00 |
The accumulation history of continental oil and the hydrocarbons enrichment mechanism in the Silurian unconformities of the northern Tarim Basin |
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| SU Jin,YANG HaiJun,YANG WenJing,WANG Yu,ZHANG Bin,LIU YongFu and LIU XingWang.The accumulation history of continental oil and the hydrocarbons enrichment mechanism in the Silurian unconformities of the northern Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(8):2493-2505. |
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| Authors: | SU Jin YANG HaiJun YANG WenJing WANG Yu ZHANG Bin LIU YongFu and LIU XingWang |
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| Institution: | Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield, PetroChina, Kolar 841000, China;Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield, PetroChina, Kolar 841000, China;Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China;Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Tarim Oilfield, PetroChina, Kolar 841000, China;Research Institution of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | The thick layer of tar sands extensively developed in the Silurian of Tarim Basin. It was indicated that Silurian had excellent potential of hydrocarbon accumulation. Following the exploration breakthrough in the Silurian reservoirs of Tazhong area, the commercial petroleum reservoirs are also discovered in the weathering crust reservoir in the Silurian sandstone of Tabei area. According to the distribution characteristics of biomarkers in the crude oil, such as steroid, terpane and thiophene compounds, combined with the physical and chemical properties of crude oil and the stable carbon isotope analysis of ethnic composition, it is discussed that crude oil of Yingmai-35 well in the weathering crust of the Silurian sandstone reservoirs originated from the lacustrine source rocks of Huangshanjie Formation of Triassic in Kuqa depression. That is in sharp contrast to the marine oil in the Silurian reservoir of Hade-18C well near the pinch-out of Silurian weathering crust in the east of Tabei area. Based on testing the homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions in the Silurian sandstone, and combined with the research results of burial history, it is inferred that the accumulation of Silurian sandstone reservoirs in the Yingmai-35 well was the Late Himalayan, about 5~8Ma ago. The hydrocarbon accumulation history of lacustrine oil in the Tabei region was constructed, based on the evolution of two terrestrial source rocks in the Kuqa depression. It was indicated that the Kapushaliang Group of Cretaceous and weathering crust of the Silurian sandstone would become the after important channel of lacustrine oil migrating forward the basin area. It was also released that the distribution of lacustrine oil in the basin area could reach a very broad range. The analysis of formation mechanism shows that the tectonic amplitude and distribution range of the Silurian weathering crust control the filling range of petroleum, and the capping conditions of direct cover layer control the hydrocarbon-bearing of the Silurian weathering crust reservoirs. The difference of exposure time and stratum relations of the Silurian weathering crust between the eastern and western of Tabei area was the most important reason why the marine petroleum system developed in the eastern of Tabei area, and the composite petroleum system, that marine and continental reservoirs overlaid vertically and did not cross, developed in the western of Tabei area. |
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| Keywords: | Unconformities Continental oil Enrichment mechanism Accumulation history Silurian The northern Tarim Basin |
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