| 新疆天山石炭—二叠纪大规模岩浆成矿事件与形成机制探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 张照伟,李文渊,张江伟,徐学义,李德彪,王亚磊,臧遇时.新疆天山石炭—二叠纪大规模岩浆成矿事件与形成机制探讨[J].西北地质,2014(1):36-51. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张照伟 李文渊 张江伟 徐学义 李德彪 王亚磊 臧遇时 |
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| 作者单位： | 西安地质矿产研究所;国土资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室;青海省第一地质矿产勘查院;长安大学地球科学与资源学院; |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目“新疆北部晚古生代大规模岩浆作用与成矿耦合关系研究”(1212011121092);中国与西伯利亚二叠纪大火成岩省对比研究(1212011120183) |
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| 摘 要： | 天山地质构造演化复杂,多阶段演化中岩浆活动与成矿作用规模并不均衡。而石炭-二叠纪却是天山成矿带大规模岩浆活动和金属成矿作用的"爆发"期。本研究紧紧围绕岩浆铜镍矿床、斑岩型铜(钼)矿床及火山岩型磁铁矿矿床,从含矿岩体的岩浆起源、岩浆演化及成矿特点,系统研究地球深部相应岩浆活动的地质过程。通过典型矿床的深入剖析,建立相应矿床类型的成矿模式,破解制约找矿突破的控制因素,系统阐述了板块构造与地幔柱体制叠加并存的地质特征与成矿表现。联系塔里木地幔柱的活动特点和成矿表现,将其与天山造山带三类主要矿床类型建立关联,对比岩石学、年代学及地球化学研究,发现天山成矿带成矿类型与塔里木地幔柱及板块构造存有密切关系,可能是两种构造体制叠加并存的结果。塔里木克拉通深部熔融的地幔物质,围绕刚性塔里木克拉通边缘不断上涌,并与表壳物质发生交换,随着板块俯冲的持续和减弱,深部上涌的地幔物质不断加强,先后形成因深部地幔物质多寡而金属聚集的不同矿床类型。该地幔柱形成时深部过程与成矿作用认识模型的建立,极大地推进了板块构造、地幔柱与岩浆成矿作用的研究,同时可为天山及邻区找矿突破提供借鉴和指导。
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| 关 键 词： | 板块构造 地幔柱 岩浆作用 成矿 叠加并存 新疆天山 |
Mineralization and Formation Mechanism of Carboniferous-Permian Large-scale Magmatic Ore Deposits in Tianshan Orogenic Belt and Adjacent Area,Xinjiang |
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| Institution: | ZHANG Zhao-wei , LI Wen-yuan, ZHANG Jiang-wei , XU Xue-yi , LI De-biao , WANG Ya-lei , ZANG Yu-shi (1. MLR Key Laboratory of Genesis and Exploration of Magmatic Ore Deposits, Xi＇an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Xi＇an 710054, China; 2. No. 1 Institute of Geology and Mineral Resource Exploration of Qinghai Province, Ping＇an 810600, China; 3. College of Earth Science and Land Resources, Chang＇an University, Xi＇an 710054, China) |
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| Abstract: | Geological tectonic evolution is complicated in Tianshan orogenic belt, and its magmatism and mineralization were disequilibrium among multi-stage evolution. But the period of Carboniferous-Permian was a high outbreak stage of large-scale magmatism and mineralization. This study focused on magmatic Ni-Cu sulfide deposits, porphyry copper deposits and volcanic type magnetite deposits, researched geological process of deep magma activity through magma origin, magma evolution and mineralization characteristics of ore-bearing rocks. Through deep analysis on typical deposits, this paper established metallogenic models for different deposit types, revealed controlling factors that restricted prospecting breakthrough, systematically expounded geological characteristics and mineralization features of tectonic coexistence of plate and mantle plume. Considering magma activity and mineralization characteristics of Tarim mantle plume, the authors built up relationships among three main types of deposits in Tianshan orogenic belt. Comparing their petrology, chronology and geochemistry, we found that there was close relationship between mineralization types of Tianshan orogenic belt and Tarim mantle plume; maybe it is a result of coexistent plate and mantle plume. The melt mantle material from the deep of Tarim craton upwelled along the margin of rigid Tarim craton, and exchanged with supracrustal material. The deep mantle material strengthened constantly with sustenance and weakening of subduction zone, and finally, formed respectively different types of ore deposits because of the variance of deep mantle material content. The establishment of this mantle plume model for deep process and mineralization can immensely promote the study on plate, mantle plume, magmatism and mineralization, at the same time, it also guide the regional prospecting work. |
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| Keywords: | plate tectonics mantle plume magmatism mineralization coexistence Tianshan Xinjiang |
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