Comparison of microbial communities in petroleum-contaminated groundwater using genetic and metabolic profiles at Kyonggi-Do,South Korea |
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| Authors: | Eun-Hee Lee Jaisoo Kim Ji-Young Kim So-Yeon Koo Sang-Dong Lee Kyung-Seok Ko Dong-Chan Ko Byoung-Woo Yum Kyung-Suk Cho |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 120-750, South Korea;(2) Department of Life Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon, 443-760, South Korea;(3) Ground and Geothermal Resources Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, 305-350, South Korea;(4) Geological Environment Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon, 305-350, South Korea; |
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| Abstract: | This research has been performed to determine the differences in microbial communities according to physicochemical properties
such as concentrations of volatile aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), dissolved
oxygen (DO), electron acceptors, etc., in oil-contaminated groundwaters at Kyonggi-Do, South Korea. The properties of bacterial
and microbial communities were analyzed by 16S polymerase chain reaction (PCR) denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)
fingerprinting method and community-level physiological profiling (CLPP) using Eco-plate, respectively. Based on the DGGE
fingerprints, the similarities of bacterial community structures were high with similar DO levels, and low with different
DO levels. Whereas the dominant bacterial groups in GW13 (highest BTEX and lowest DO) were acidobacteria, α-proteobacteria,
β-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and spirochetes, those in GW7 (highest BTEX and highest DO) were actinobacteria,
α-proteobacteria, β-proteobacteria, γ-proteobacteria, δ-proteobacteria, and sphingobacteria. Based on the CLPP results, the
groundwater samples were roughly divided into three groups: above 4 mg/L in DO (group 1: GW3 and GW7), below 4 mg/L in DO
(group 2: GW8, W1, W2, W3, and BH10), and highly contaminated with BTEX (group 3: GW13). Shannon index showed that the microbial
diversities and equitabilities were higher in shallower aquifer samples. Overall, this study verified that the greatest influencing
factors on microbial/bacterial communities in groundwaters were DO and carbon sources, although BTEX concentration was one
of the major factors. |
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