Impacts of human activities on the hydrology of Baiyangdian Lake,China |
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| Authors: | Changwei Zhuang Zhiyun Ouyang Weihua Xu Yang Bai Weiqi Zhou Hua Zheng Xiaoke Wang |
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| Institution: | (1) State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing, 100085, People’s Republic of China;(2) Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Mail Stop 1, 1210 PES, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA; |
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| Abstract: | Baiyangdian Lake is the biggest natural freshwater wetland in North China Plain. It provides important ecosystem services
such as water regulation and supply, reed production and biodiversity protection. Baiyangdian Lake, however, was threatened
by lack of freshwater in recent decades. In this paper, the hydrological changes of the lake were quantified using historical
data of water level and groundwater table, and satellite images. In addition, the relationship between water level and socioeconomic
development of the basin was investigated. The result revealed a significant decreasing trend of water level in the lake.
Water level and groundwater table of Baiyangdian Lake decreased rapidly, caused by the great increase of water withdrawal
and consumption due to socioeconomic development in the basin. In particular, population growth and the expansion of irrigated
agriculture were two major contributors to the decline of water level and groundwater table. While precipitation was positively
correlated with water level, it has less impact on water level and groundwater table than human activities. The diversion
of water to the lake raised the water level temporarily and had significant benefits on the wetland ecosystem. The best way
to solve ecological problems of Baiyangdian Lake, however, is to control the growth of population, adjust the industrial structure,
control land use conversion and improve water use efficiency at the basin scale. |
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