Heavy metal pollution and soil magnetic susceptibility in urban soil of Beni Mellal City (Morocco) |
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| Authors: | Mohamed El Baghdadi Ahmed Barakat Mohamed Sajieddine Samir Nadem |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Earth Sciences,Faculté des Sciences et Techniques,Beni Mellal,Morocco;2.Laboratoire Géoressources et Environnement,Université Sultan My Slimane, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques,Beni Mellal,Morocco;3.Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Matériaux,Université Sultan My Slimane, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques,Beni Mellal,Morocco |
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| Abstract: | The assessment of anthropogenic impact in the urban environment can be evaluated according to heavy metal contents of soils such as Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Fe. These elements have more affinity to establish metallic bond with ferrous material leading to enhancement of soil magnetic susceptibility. The objective of this study was to undertake joint magnetic and geochemical investigations of road-side urban soil materials to address the environmental pollution of Beni Mellal city that has been subjected to environmental stress, due to population overpressure and related urbanization. Twenty three soils magnetic susceptibility profiles were made along 5 km peripheral national road (N8) in Beni Mellal. The magnetic survey reported here for the first time on this City’s topsoils tries to establish the link between magnetic properties and the content of heavy metals. High magnetic susceptibility values and high contents of heavy metals were found near the paved edge of the road and within the place reserved as large engine park. Magnetic extracts of highly polluted areas and unpolluted soil (olive plantation) were analyzed by SEM coupled with RDX in order to discriminate anthropogenic magnetic spherules and pedo-lithogenic magnetite-like minerals. Magnetic mineralogy determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy suggests the presence of hematite, magnetite and goethite in highly polluted areas. The iron oxides and especially goethite are efficient in incorporating and/or adsorbing foreign ions. |
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