| 济南市大气降尘地球化学特征及污染端元研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 庞绪贵,王晓梅,代杰瑞,郭瑞朋,喻超,崔元俊,董健.济南市大气降尘地球化学特征及污染端元研究[J].中国地质,2014,41(1):285-293. |
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| 作者姓名： | 庞绪贵 王晓梅 代杰瑞 郭瑞朋 喻超 崔元俊 董健 |
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| 作者单位： | 山东省地质调查院;中国地质科学院; |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目(1212010310306)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 在济南市城区对大气降尘及不同污染端元样品进行采集,系统分析了大气降尘和污染端元元素含量特征,并对大气降尘空间分布及污染来源进行研究。结果表明:不同污染端元中元素含量差别明显,燃煤尘中As、Cd、F、Pb是汽车尾气尘的3倍以上,是交通尘、冶炼尘、建筑尘等其他端元尘的1.26~2.35倍,对环境影响较大;汽车尾气尘中Cr、Ni、S、Zn含量最高,冶炼尘中Co、Ni、Pb、F含量偏高,而建筑尘中多数元素含量为所有端元尘中最低。与土壤背景值相比,济南市大气降尘中Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、F、S富集程度较高,受到不同程度人为污染;相关分析和因子分析结果表明,Cd、Cu、Hg、Pb、As主要来源于企业燃煤,大气降尘中这些元素高含量区与热电厂、冶炼厂、化工厂等燃煤污染源空间分布相一致;F、S可能与汽车尾气排放有关,而As、Cr主源于交通污染,这3种污染源是济南市大气降尘污染的主要来源,对降尘的贡献约占60.42%。研究表明,工业燃煤排放已逐渐代替汽车尾气成为大气降尘中Pb元素的主要来源。
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| 关 键 词： | 污染端元 大气降尘 富集程度 因子分析 济南 |
Geochemical characteristics and pollution sources identification of the atmospheric dust-fall in Jinan city |
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| PANG Xu-gui,WANG Xiao-mei,DAI Jie-rui,GUO Rui-peng,YU Chao,CUI Yuan-jun,DONG Jian.Geochemical characteristics and pollution sources identification of the atmospheric dust-fall in Jinan city[J].Chinese Geology,2014,41(1):285-293. |
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| Authors: | PANG Xu-gui WANG Xiao-mei DAI Jie-rui GUO Rui-peng YU Chao CUI Yuan-jun DONG Jian |
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| Institution: | 1. Shandong Institute of Geological Survey, Jinan 250013, Shandong, China; 2. Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China |
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| Abstract: | Samples of atmospheric dust- falls and pollution end- members were collected in the urban area of Jinan City. The characteristics of element content in atmospheric dust- falls and pollution end- members were systematically analyzed, and the spatial distribution of atmospheric dust- falls and their pollution sources were studied. The results show that the concentrations of elements vary obviously in different pollution end- members. A comparative study of the concentrations of elements in different pollution end-members shows that the As, Cd, F, Pb content in coal dust are over 3 times that in vehicle exhaust dust, and 1.26- 2.35 times that in street dust, smelt dust, building dust and other pollution end- members, thus greatly affecting the environment quality. The concentrations of Cr, Ni, S, Zn in vehicle exhausts are the highest, those of Co, Ni, Pb, F in smelt dust are somewhat higher, whereas the concentrations of most elements in building dust are the lowest. Compared with the background values of soil, the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, F, S in atmospheric dust-falls of Jinan city are slightly higher. These data show that the atmospheric dust- falls are polluted by human activities in different degrees. The coefficient and factor analysis suggests that, in atmospheric dust-falls, Cd, Cu, Hg, Pb, As mainly come from enterprise coal consumption, the values of these four elements near chemical factories, steel plants and smeltery plants are generally high, which is consistent with the spatial distribution of the coal pollution sources. F and S might be related to vehicle exhausts, while As and Cr mainly come from traffic discharges. These three kinds of dusts (coal consumption, vehicle exhausts and traffic discharges) are the main pollution sources of atmospheric dust-falls in Jinan City, with the contribution proportion of atmospheric dust- falls up to 60.42%. Studies reveal that industrial coal emissions have gradually replaced the vehicle exhausts and become a major source of Pb in atmospheric dust-falls. |
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| Keywords: | pollution end-member atmospheric dust-fall enrichment degree factor analysis Jinan City |
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