| 中国东部中—新生代大陆构造的形成与演化 |
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| 引用本文： | 葛肖虹,刘俊来,任收麦,袁四化.中国东部中—新生代大陆构造的形成与演化[J].中国地质,2014,41(1):19-38. |
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| 作者姓名： | 葛肖虹 刘俊来 任收麦 袁四化 |
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| 作者单位： | 吉林大学地球科学学院;中国地质大学(北京);中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心;防灾科技学院; |
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| 基金项目： | 普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材项目;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(ZY20120102、ZY20110101);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划课题(91214301)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 20世纪60年代提出的"威尔逊旋回"以关闭洋盆两侧板块的碰撞作为板块运动旋回的终结,然而板块构造学说"登陆"20多年来的实践说明这种认识是不全面的。大陆弥散而宽广的陆内变形说明洋盆闭合两侧板块的碰撞并未终止板内构造作用。古亚洲大陆形成后中国东部中—新生代广泛发育的板内构造变形、岩浆活动、克拉通内盆地的形成都和古亚洲大陆南、北,印度洋和北冰洋洋脊的持续扩张、西太平洋和菲律宾洋壳的俯冲相关。本文拟厘清中国东部中—新生代大陆构造形成与演化的重大事件、构造性质、形成背景及其时空展布:(1)晚海西—印支期古特提斯洋关闭陆块拼合碰撞古亚洲大陆雏形形成;(2)晚侏罗—早白垩世蒙古—鄂霍茨克海闭合,陆-陆碰撞古亚洲大陆形成,挤压逆冲推覆构造在陆内变形中形成高潮,西太平洋伊佐奈岐洋壳板块的斜俯冲叠加了自东而西的影响;(3)早白垩世晚期—古近纪加厚地壳-岩石圈减薄、转型,陆内伸展变形达到高潮,大陆克拉通泛盆地、准平原化;(4)始新世晚期—早中新世(40~23 Ma)太平洋板块运动转向对东亚大陆NWW向的挤压和印度洋脊扩张印—澳板块对古亚洲南部陆-陆碰撞挤压的叠加,形成中国东部新生的构造地貌;(5)中-上新世—早更新世受东亚—西太平洋巨型裂谷系和印度洋中脊扩张的叠加影响,中国东部岩石圈地幔隆升、地壳减薄,陆缘、陆内伸展变形相继形成边缘海、岛弧、裂谷型盆地和剥蚀高原地貌;(6)早更新世晚期(0.9~0.8 Ma)—晚更新世末(0.01 Ma)中国东部大陆构造地貌基本形成。
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| 关 键 词： | 中国东部中-新生代 大陆构造形成与演化 重大构造事件性质 形成背景及时空展布 |
The formation and evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic continental tectonics in eastern China |
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| GE Xiao-hong,LIU Jun-lai,REN Shou-mai,YUAN Si-hua.The formation and evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic continental tectonics in eastern China[J].Chinese Geology,2014,41(1):19-38. |
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| Authors: | GE Xiao-hong LIU Jun-lai REN Shou-mai YUAN Si-hua |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Geological and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China; 3.Oil & Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100029, China; 4.Institute of Disaster Prevention, Sanhe 065201, Hebei, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract:In the Wilson cycle proposed in the 1960s, the collision of tectonic plates which leads to closure of oceanic basins on both sides of plates marks the end of the cycle. In interpreting continental tectonics in the past 20 years, it seems that the above conclusion is not comprehensive. Diffusive and widely distributed intracontinental deformation suggests that the action of platecollision has not ceased. After the formation of the Paleo- Asian continent, tectonic deformation, magmatism and cratonic basin formation widely developed during Mesozoic-Cenozoic period in eastern China were possibly related to the progressive opening of the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean as well as the subduction of the Western Pacific and Philippine oceanic plates. This paper intends to discuss the major tectonic events, structural properties, the formation background and the temporal and spatial distribution of Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonics in eastern China. From Late Hercynian to Indosinian period, the Paleo-Asian continent was formed due to amalgamation of various tectonic blocks during the closure of the Paleo-Tethys. During Late Jurassic - Early Cretaceous, accompanied by the closure of the Mongo-Okhotsk ocean, the continent-continent collision gave rise to the formation of the Paleo-Asian continent. Thrust-nappe structures were formed during the intracontinental deformation. At the same time, the Western Pacific Isanagi plate was subducted obliquely, which caused superimposation effect from east to west. In the Middle- Late Cretaceous-Paleogene period, together with the transition from thickened crust to lithospheric thinning and transformation, the intracontinental extensional deformation approached its peak stage. Continental craton basins peneplanes were formed. From Late Eocene to early Miocene (40-23 Ma), the superposition of the motion of the Pacific plate turning in NWW direction, the spreading of the middle oceanic ridges of the Indian Ocean, and the continent-continent collision between the Indian-Australian and the southern part of the paleo-Asian plate induced the formation of the new tectonic landforms in eastern China. Affected by East Asia-Western Pacific riftand the Indian Ocean ridge spreading during Middle Pliocene and early Pleistocene, the eastern China continent experienced lithospheric mantle uplift, crustal thinning, marginal and intracontinental extensional deformation. These processes resulted in the successive formation of marginal seas, island arc, rift basins and eroded highland landscapes. During Early Pleistocene (0.9-0.8 Ma) - Late Pleistocene (0.01 Ma) period, the tectonic landforms of Eastern China were finally formed. |
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| Keywords: | Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic activities in eastern China formation and evolution of continental tectonics key tectonic events tectonic background and spatial-temporal distribution |
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