| 中国城市地质调查总体构想与关键理论技术 |
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| 引用本文： | 林良俊,李亚民,葛伟亚,胡秋韵,李晓昭,李云,孟晖,张礼中,杨建锋.中国城市地质调查总体构想与关键理论技术[J].中国地质,2017,44(6):1086-1101. |
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| 作者姓名： | 林良俊 李亚民 葛伟亚 胡秋韵 李晓昭 李云 孟晖 张礼中 杨建锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质调查局, 北京, 100037,中国地质环境监测院, 北京, 100081,中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心, 江苏 南京 210016,中国地质调查局, 北京, 100037,南京大学, 江苏 南京 210093,中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心, 江苏 南京 210016,中国地质环境监测院, 北京, 100081,中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 河北 石家庄 050061,中国地质调查局发展研究中心, 北京 100037 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目（12130024）资助. |
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| 摘 要： | 近年来,我国在城市群、大城市和中小城镇等不同层面组织开展了大量的城市地质调查,在城市地质资源、地质环境、发展空间的调查评价,以及地质信息服务城市管理制度建设等方面取得了丰富成果,在调查技术方法、成果产品服务、工作协调机制等方面积累了一些经验,但和新型城镇化的需求相比,还存在着工作理念较落后、地质信息更新慢,成果体系没标准、工作机制不完善等诸多不足。国家新型城镇化发展战略提出了全新的城市发展理念,在优化城市结构布局、拓展城市发展空间、推进绿色城市建设、提高城市安全保障水平等方面,对城市地质调查提出了迫切需求。新时期应该以全新的思路开展城市地质调查,要树立大资源、大环境、大数据理念,服务城市规划、建设、运行、管理等多个层面,开展空间、资源、环境、灾害等多要素综合调查,打造地下三维可视化的城市地质模型(透明城市),完善空天地一体化的地质资源环境监测网络,建立开放共享、动态更新的城市地质信息服务与决策支持系统,构建城市地质调查成果服务产品体系、技术标准体系和保障制度体系。为实现这个目标,需要建立城市资源环境承载能力、城市多圈层交互带、地下空间资源协同规划等理论,开展城市地质探测与监测、国土空间开发地质适宜性评价、地下空间开发利用地质安全评价、三维城市地质建模与公共服务等技术攻关。
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| 关 键 词： | 多要素城市地质调查 城市地下空间利用 城市地质信息服务 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017/9/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2017/11/7 0:00:00 |
General ideas for urban geological survey in China and key theory and techniques |
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| LIN Liangjun,LI Yamin,GE Weiy,HU Qiuyun,LI Xiaozhao,Li Yun,MENG Hui,ZHANG Lizhong and YANG Jianfeng.General ideas for urban geological survey in China and key theory and techniques[J].Chinese Geology,2017,44(6):1086-1101. |
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| Authors: | LIN Liangjun LI Yamin GE Weiy HU Qiuyun LI Xiaozhao Li Yun MENG Hui ZHANG Lizhong and YANG Jianfeng |
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| Institution: | China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China,Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of China, Beijing 100081, China,Nanjing Center of China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China,China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China,Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China,Nanjing Center of China Geological Survey, Nanjing 210016, Jiangsu, China,Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of China, Beijing 100081, China,Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China and Development Research Center of China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China |
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| Abstract: | In recent years, urban geological survey has been carried out in some city groups, big cities and small towns of China and, as a result, obtained great achievements in survey and evaluation of urban geological resources, geological environment, urban development space, and system construction of geological information service in urban management and some other aspects, and gained some experience in the survey methods, products, services, and coordination mechanism. However, compared with the requirements of new urbanization, there are still many shortcomings, such as backward work concept, slow updating of geological information, lack of standard systems, and imperfect working mechanism. In the national new urbanization development strategy, a new concept on urban development has been proposed. Urban geological survey is imperative to support the optimization of city layout structure, the expansion of urban development space, the promotion of green city construction, the improvement of city safety level and so on. In the new period, urban geological survey should be carried out with new ideas and the concept of big resources, big environment and big data. A comprehensive survey, which includes space, resources, environment, disaster and other factors, is required to serve urban planning, construction, operation, management and some other aspects. It also needs the development of three-dimensional visualization underground geological model for cities (transparent cities), the improvement of monitoring networks on geological resources and environment, the establishment of an open, shared and dynamic updating city geological information service and decision support system, the development of service product system, urban geological survey technical standard system and security system. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to establish the theory on urban resources and environment carrying capacity, urban multi-layer interaction zone and underground space resources collaborative planning so as to study and solve these technical difficulties encountered in urban geological exploration and monitoring, geological suitability evaluation for land space development, geological safety assessment for underground space development and utilization, 3D urban geological modeling and public services, and so on. |
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| Keywords: | multi-factor urban geological survey urban underground space utilization urban geological information service |
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