| 自然资源定义、分类，观测监测及其在国土规划治理中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 付宇佳,谭昌海,刘晓煌,孙兴丽,袁泽民,郑艺文.自然资源定义、分类，观测监测及其在国土规划治理中的应用[J].中国地质,2022,49(4):1048-1063. |
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| 作者姓名： | 付宇佳 谭昌海 刘晓煌 孙兴丽 袁泽民 郑艺文 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质大学(武汉)地球物理与空间信息学院, 湖北 武汉 430074;自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055;中国地质调查局应用地质研究中心, 四川 成都 610036;自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055;中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心, 北京 100055;自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室, 北京 100055;河北地质大学自然资源资产资本研究中心, 河北 石家庄 050031;中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院, 湖北 武汉 430074 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局项目（DD20208064）资助。 |
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| 摘 要： | 【研究目的】为摸清中国资源家底、认清资源变化规律、管好国土用途，解决现有自然资源内涵不一、分类上存在差异、在数据获取上不统一、资源管理分属不同部门导致的资源在空间管理上交叉重叠等问题。【研究方法】本文采用文献综述法对自然资源的定义、分类及有关资源观测监测指标的相关文献进行梳理。【研究结果】（1）明确了观测监测体系下的自然资源是自然状态或未被加工的状态下通过生产能够产生价值的资源，可将其分为气候资源、地表覆盖资源及地下水资源3类开展研究；（2）总结得到自然资源综合观测与监测的对象、内容及观测方法；（3）分析自然资源观测监测在资源间及资源与环境间、资源资产管理、生态环境修复上的具体作用。【结论】文章最后指出自然资源观测监测是研究资源间、资源与环境间作用，资源资产管理以及生态环境修复中不可缺少的技术手段。创新点：（1）明确了自然资源的定义，解决自然资源在部门管理上、分类上以及数据获取上不统一的问题；（2）分析自然资源观测与监测的内容和指标，结合系统调查、观测实验、预测模拟、监测评价“四位一体”的探测技术，有效掌握自然资源家底、进行资源资产管理，研究资源间、资源与环境的相互关系，在国土规划治理中发挥作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 自然资源 观测 监测 生态环境 国土规划 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/11/26 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/2/9 0:00:00 |
Definition, classification, observation and monitoring of natural resources and their application in territorial planning and governance |
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| FU Yuji,TAN Changhai,LIU Xiaohuang,SUN Xingli,YUAN Zemin,ZHENG Yiwen.Definition, classification, observation and monitoring of natural resources and their application in territorial planning and governance[J].Chinese Geology,2022,49(4):1048-1063. |
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| Authors: | FU Yuji TAN Changhai LIU Xiaohuang SUN Xingli YUAN Zemin ZHENG Yiwen |
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| Institution: | School of Geophysics and Spatial Information, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China;Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China;Research Center for Applied Geology, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610036, Sichuan, China;Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China;Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055, China;Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements, Beijing 100055, China;Hebei University of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, China; Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China |
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| Abstract: | This paper is the result of natural resource survey engineering.Objective]At present, there are many problems, such as the different connotations of natural resources, the differences in classification, the inconsistency in data acquisition, and the overlapping of resources in spatial management caused by the different departments of resource management. We need to solve above-mentioned problems to investigate the situation of resources in China to recognize the variation laws of resource, and to manage utilization of territory.Methods]This paper adopted the method of literature review to sort out the definition, classification and observation and monitoring index of natural resources.Results](1) We clarified the conception of natural resources under the observation and monitoring system which were resources that could generate value through production in natural state or unprocessed state. They were divided into three categories:Climatic resources, surface cover resources, and groundwater resources; (2) We summarized the object, content and observation method of the comprehensive observation and monitoring of natural resources; (3) We analyzed the role of natural resource observation and monitoring in resources assets management and ecological environment restoration with examples.Conclusions]Based on the analysis above, this paper pointed out that natural resources observation and monitoring were indispensable technical means to study the interaction between resources, resources and environment, resource asset management, and ecological environment restoration.Highlights: (1) Clarify the definition of natural resources and solve the problem of inconsistencies in the management, classification, and data access of natural resources; (2) The content and indicators of natural resource observation and monitoring are analyzed, combined with the "four-in-one" detection technology of systematic survey, observation experiment, prediction simulation, monitoring, and evaluation, effectively grasping the natural resource base, carrying out resource asset management, studying the interrelationship between resources, resources, and the environment, and playing a role in land planning and governance. |
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| Keywords: | natural resources observation monitor ecological environment territorial planning |
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