Trophic Assessment in Chinese coastal systems-review of methods and application to the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary and Jiaozhou Bay |
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| Authors: | Yongjin Xiao João G Ferreira Suzanne B Bricker João P Nunes Mingyuan Zhu Xuelei Zhang |
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| Institution: | (1) NOAA, National Ocean Service, National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, 1305 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;(2) IMAR—Institute of Marine Research, Centre for Ecological Modelling, DCEA-FCT, Qta. Torre, 2829–516 Monte de Caparica, Portugal;(3) Instituto do Ambiente, Rua da Murgueira, 9–Zambujal, Apartado 7587 Alfragide, 2720 Amadora, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | Coastal eutrophication has become one of the main threats to Chinese coastal areas during the last two decades. High nutrient
loads from human activities have modified the natural background water quality in coastal water bodies, resulting in a range
of undesirable effects. There is a need to assess the eutrophic level in coastal systems and to identify the extent of this
impact to guide development of appropriate management efforts. Traditional Chinese assessment methods are discussed and compared
with other currently-used methods, such as the Oslo-Paris Convention for the Protection of the North Sea (OSPAR) Comprehensive
Procedure and Assessment of Estuarine Trophic Status (ASSETS). The ASSETS method and two Chinese methods were tested on two
Chinese systems: the Changjiang (Yangtze) Estuary and Jiaozhou Bay. ASSETS is process based, and uses a pressure-state-response
model based on three main indices: Influencing Factors, Overall Eutrophic Condition, and Future Outlook. The traditional methods
are based on a nutrient index. ASSETS was successfully applied to both systems, classifying the Changjiang Estuary as Bad
(high eutrophication) and Jiaozhou Bay as High (low eutrophication). The traditional methods led to ambiguous results, particularly
for Jiaozhou Bay, due to the high spatial variability of data and a failure to assess the role of shellfish aquaculture in
nutrient control. An overview of the Chinese coastal zone identifies 50 estuaries and bays that should form part of a national
assessment. A comparison of methods and results suggests that ASSETS is a promising tool for evaluating the eutrophication
status of these systems. |
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