Inorganic,isotopic, and organic composition of high-chloride water from wells in a coastal southern California aquifer |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;3. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266061, China;4. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;5. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;6. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;1. College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;2. Department of Statistics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States;3. Earth and Environmental Systems Institute and Department of Geosciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, United States |
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| Abstract: | Chloride concentrations were as high as 230 mg/L in water from the surface discharge of long-screened production wells in Pleasant Valley, Calif., about 100 km NW of Los Angeles. Wells with the higher Cl? concentrations were near faults that bound the valley. Depending on well construction, high-Cl?water from different sources may enter a well at different depths. For example, Cl? concentration in the upper part of some wells completed in overlying aquifers influenced by irrigation return were as high as 220 mg/L, and Cl? concentrations in water sampled within wells at depths greater than 450 m were as high as 500 mg/L. These high-Cl? waters mix within the well during pumping and produce the water sampled at the surface discharge. Changes in the major ion, minor ion, trace element, and δ34S and δ13C isotopic composition of water in wells with depth were consistent with changes resulting from SO4 reduction, precipitation of calcite, and cation exchange. The chemical and isotopic composition of high-Cl? water from deep wells trends towards the composition of oil-field production water from the study area. Chloride concentrations in oil-field production water present at depths 150 m beneath freshwater aquifers were 2200 mg/L, and Cl? concentrations in underlying marine rock were as high as 4400 mg/L. High-Cl? concentrations in water from deeper parts of wells were associated with dissolved organic C composed primarily of hydrophobic neutral compounds believed to be similar to those associated with petroleum in underlying deposits. These compounds would not be apparent using traditional sampling techniques and would not be detected using analytical methods intended to measure contamination. |
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