| 构造事件的沉积响应——建立青藏高原大陆碰撞、隆升过程时空坐标的设想和方法 |
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| 引用本文： | 伊海生,王成善,李亚林,林金辉,侯明才.构造事件的沉积响应——建立青藏高原大陆碰撞、隆升过程时空坐标的设想和方法[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(2):1-15. |
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| 作者姓名： | 伊海生 王成善 李亚林 林金辉 侯明才 |
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| 作者单位： | 成都理工学院沉积地质研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 沉积盆地的地层形态、岩相类型以及空间配置样式是构造事件的重要标识，沉积序列中特征岩石组分的出现标志着毗邻造山带隆升的初始启动时间，与物源区地层单元垂向叠置序列相反或相同的岩屑组分剖面分布则是幕式构造旋回的反映，在前陆盆地中砾石层的出现被认为是冲断岩席活动的记录，而在断陷盆地和走滑拉分盆地中通常可识别出100m级的向上变粗和向上变细的旋回层，它们被解释为构造高地重复姓升和溯源侵蚀的结果，最近的研究工作表明，急剧的构造沉降主要是通过细粒级河湖相沉积补偿的，广泛的砾岩进积发生在构造活动的平静期，构造驱动的山脉隆升表现为砾岩地层呈楔状体，纵向河流水系发育；重力均衡回返所导致的山系隆升则形成以横向河流水系为主的板状砾岩沉积，从青藏高原腹地、周缘和外延海洋盆地的沉积记录中可获得取重大构造变革时期的信息，也许是解决目前有关印度与亚洲大陆碰撞、高原隆升等时性或穿时性以及限定陆内变形调节机制的一个重要手段。
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| 关 键 词： | 构造事件 沉积响应 青藏高原 大陆碰撞 沉积序列 隆升机制 造山带 |
Sedimentary response to tectonic events: Reconstructed spatio-temporal scale of the Indo-Asian continental collision and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift |
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| YIN Hai-sheng,WANG Cheng-shan,LI Ya-lin,LIN Jin-hui,HOU Ming-cai.Sedimentary response to tectonic events: Reconstructed spatio-temporal scale of the Indo-Asian continental collision and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau uplift[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2001,21(2):1-15. |
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| Authors: | YIN Hai-sheng WANG Cheng-shan LI Ya-lin LIN Jin-hui HOU Ming-cai |
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| Abstract: | The stratal geometries and lithofacies patterns in sedimentary basins are thought to be potentially important sedimentary indicators of tectonic events and record the uplift history of the areas around orogenic belts or along active basin margins. The first occurrence of new clast types in the depositional sequences has been used to mark initial uplift. The normal or reverse distribution of clasts throughout a vertical section corresponding to a specific source may be expressed as episodic tectonism. The ages of conglomerate intervals in foreland basins are generally believed to represent the time of thrust sheet activity. Alternative coarsening- or fining-upward cyclothems 100 m thick in extensional basins are usually interpreted to be rejuvenated tectonic uplift and retrograded headward erosion. Recent research shows that the onset of fine-grained fluvial and lacustrine deposition is more consistent with rapid subsidence in rift, pull-apart and foreland basins. The coarse-grained beds within the basins record postorogenic denudation and progradation of gravel wedges during intervals of tectonic quiescence. If tectonic loading due to crustal compression and thickening drives both the uplift of the mountain summits and asymmetric subsidence, a wedge of sedimentary rocks thickens toward the mountain front and longitudinal river systems are dominant. When erosion unloading causes isostatic uplift of remaining peaks, a tabular depositional geometry of conglomerate strata in cross sections and transverse drainage patterns perpendicular to mountains are present. According to the theory of sedimentary response to tectonic events, we propose here that Cenozoic sedimentary basins on and around the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau may provide significant evidences of tectonic changes in different spatio-temporal scales. It may be an important approach to test and constrain present dispute in regard to initio Indo-Asian continental collision, synchronism and diachronism of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau rising and growth, as well as deformation accommodation styles. |
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| Keywords: | tectonic event sedimentary response Qinghai-Xizang Plateau continental collision uplifting |
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