| 典型断陷盆地流域生态系统服务价值时空差异研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 梁锦桃,邓艳,曹建华,靳振江,李旭尧.典型断陷盆地流域生态系统服务价值时空差异研究[J].中国岩溶,2021,40(3):476-486. |
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| 作者姓名： | 梁锦桃 邓艳 曹建华 靳振江 李旭尧 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点实验室/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室/桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0502506）；国家自然科学面上基金（41877206）；基本科研业务费专项经费（JYYWF20182003） |
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| 摘 要： | 以典型断陷盆地——小江流域为研究对象，以1982年的TM影像、2003年的Landsat ETM+影像和2016年的Landsat OLI影像为数据源，结合云南省测绘局所提供的150 000的土地利用状况图，采用 Costanza 公式对生态系统服务价值进行评估，精细刻画出云南小江流域“盆—山”共存的地质分异结构下生态系统服务价值的时空变化特征。结果表明:（1）小江流域以农田生态系统为主，研究期内生态系统格局总体稳定，耕地、建设用地、林地和园地都有不同程度的增加，而未利用地面积减少，水域面积基本不变；（2）1982-2016年，研究区生态系统服务总价值呈上升趋势，1982、2003和2016年生态系统服务总价值分别为90.11×108元、105.65×108元和136.81×108元，耕地、林地、园地和水域的生态系统服务价值整体上升，而未利用地的生态系统服务价值减少；（3）整体上，小江流域南部和东部生态系统服务价值增加明显，而中部和西部地区生态系统服务价值呈阶段性变化或持续下降趋势，小江岩溶河谷区的生态系统服务价值最高，而沉积平坝区的生态系统服务价值密度最低，且为唯一一个衰退型生态系统服务功能区；（4）研究期内小江流域各项生态系统服务价值均呈上升趋势，调节服务居主导地位，且以气候调节服务价值最高。小江流域生态系统服务价值缺乏弹性，水域生态系统面积变化对研究区生态系统价值的变化具有放大作用。实施封山育林、退耕还林、小流域治理工程等石漠化综合治理工程可增加生态系统服务价值。
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| 关 键 词： | 断陷盆地 小江流域 土地利用变化 生态系统服务 |
Temporal and spatial differentiation of the ecosystem service value in typical fault-depression basins |
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| LIANG Jintao,DENG Yan,CAO Jianhu,JIN Zhenjiang,LI Xuyao.Temporal and spatial differentiation of the ecosystem service value in typical fault-depression basins[J].Carsologica Sinica,2021,40(3):476-486. |
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| Authors: | LIANG Jintao DENG Yan CAO Jianhu JIN Zhenjiang LI Xuyao |
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| Institution: | 1.Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Rock Desertification Control/ Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR/ Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology2.Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Rock Desertification Control/ Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR/ Institute of Karst Geology3.College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology |
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| Abstract: | A typical fault-depression basin—the Xiaojiang river basin is chosen as the research area in this work. Based on the three-phase land-use data of 1982, 2003, and 2016, the Costanza ecosystem service value formula is used to evaluate the ecosystem service value. “Spatial-temporal” characteristics of ecosystem service values are described under coexisting geologically differentiated structures. The results show that， (1) the Xiaojiang river basin is dominated by farmland ecosystems, and the ecosystem pattern was generally stable during the study period. The cultivated land, construction land, forest land, and garden land increased to varying degrees, while the area of unused land decreased, and the water area was largely unchanged. (2) From 1982 to 2016, the total value of ecosystem services in the study area showed an upward trend. The total value of ecosystem services in 1982, 2003, and 2016 were 90.11 × 108 yuan, 105.65 × 108 yuan, and 136.81 × 108 yuan, respectively. The ecosystem service value of the forest land, forest land, garden land and water area increased as a whole, while that of the unused land decreased. (3) On the whole, the ecosystem service value of the southern and eastern Xiaojiang river basin increased significantly, while the ecosystems of the central and western regions increased significantly. The service value showed a gradual change or continuous decline. The ecosystem service value of the Xiaojiang karst valley area was the highest, while the ecosystem service value density of the sedimentary flat dam area was the lowest, which was the unique decline ecosystem service function area. (4) During the study period, the value of various ecosystem services in the Xiaojiang river basin showed an upward trend, and the regulation services were dominant, and the service value of climate regulation was the highest. The value of ecosystem services in the Xiaojiang river basin lacked elasticity, and changes in the area of water ecosystems amplified the variations in ecosystem values in the study area. The implementation of comprehensive rock desertification management projects such as mountain closure and forestation, returning farmland to forests, and small watershed management projects can enhance the value of ecosystem services. |
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| Keywords: | fault-depression basin Xiaojiang river basin land-use change ecosystem service |
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