| 川西高原巴塘地区可溶岩地层分布与岩溶地貌发育特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 康小兵,杨四福,管振德,张文发,许模.川西高原巴塘地区可溶岩地层分布与岩溶地貌发育特征[J].中国岩溶,2021,40(3):381-388. |
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| 作者姓名： | 康小兵 杨四福 管振德 张文发 许模 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室（成都理工大学）/成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院/中国地质调查局岩溶塌陷防治重点实验室（岩溶塌陷防治技术创新中心） |
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| 基金项目： | 中国地质调查局岩溶塌陷防治重点实验室（岩溶塌陷防治技术创新中心）开放研究基金（YRSQ-2019-674）；中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 以川西高原巴塘县、白玉县为研究对象，详细阐述研究区从三叠系到寒武系出露的主要可溶岩地层的分布、岩石成分、结构特征以及各地层的岩溶发育特征，系统总结出研究区可溶岩地层的特征和碳酸盐岩地层岩溶发育的规律。结果表明:研究区可溶地层呈北西南东向展布，明显受区域地质构造影响；岩溶地貌发育特征显示出与青藏高原主要地区岩溶地貌的一致性，属第三纪时期热带—亚热带环境下发育演化的覆盖型岩溶剥露地表而形成的古岩溶，且岩溶类型多样，形态与规模空间差异性明显；不同碳酸盐岩地层的岩溶发育程度统计显示，泥盆系溶蚀洼地所占面积最大，三叠系与志留系碳酸盐岩地层中溶蚀洼地个数较多，但发育密度低于泥盆系，二叠系溶蚀洼地个数与面积均为最小，石炭系地层由于碳酸盐岩纯度高且集中出露，溶蚀洼地发育密度最大。
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| 关 键 词： | 高原岩溶 岩溶地貌 巴塘地区 川藏铁路 |
Distribution of soluble rock strata and development of karst landforms in the Batang area, west Sichuan plateau |
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| KANG Xiaobing,YANG Sifu,GUAN Zhende,ZHANG Wenf,XU Mo.Distribution of soluble rock strata and development of karst landforms in the Batang area, west Sichuan plateau[J].Carsologica Sinica,2021,40(3):381-388. |
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| Authors: | KANG Xiaobing YANG Sifu GUAN Zhende ZHANG Wenf XU Mo |
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| Abstract: | This paper focuses on Batang county and Baiyu county， west Sichuan plateau. Based on data from field investigations， we analyze the geological background， topography， lithologic characteristics and distribution of carbonate rocks in exposed strata from Triassic to Cambrian， especially rock composition， structural characteristics and the distribution of karst development in the study area. The features of carbonate strata and law of karst development in the study area are systematically summarized. Results show that the soluble strata in the study area are distributed in a NW-SE direction， indicating an obvious control of regional geological structure. The karst landform development in the study area is consistent with that in the main areas of Tibetan plateau， belonging to the paleokarst formed by the exposed surface of the cover-type karst， which developed and evolved in a tropical-subtropical environment during Tertiary time with many karst types and distinct morphology and scales. Statistics of the karst development degrees of different carbonate rock formations shows that the Devonian depression occupies the largest area， and the Triassic and Silurian carbonate strata have more depressions， but their development density is lower than the Devonian. The number and area of Permian depressions are the smallest. The density of the Carboniferous karst depressions is the largest because of their relatively high purity and concentrating exposure. |
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