| 会仙湿地岩溶地下水系统水位动态特征与均衡分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵一,邹胜章,申豪勇,周长松,樊连杰,朱丹尼,李军.会仙湿地岩溶地下水系统水位动态特征与均衡分析[J].中国岩溶,2021,40(2):325-333. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵一 邹胜章 申豪勇 周长松 樊连杰 朱丹尼 李军 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所/自然资源部、广西岩溶动力学重点实验室 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家研发计划课题(2017YFC0406104)；国家研发计划课题(2016YFC0502502)；自然资源部地质调查项目（DD20190334，DD20190825） |
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| 摘 要： | 会仙湿地为中国最大的岩溶湿地，近半个世纪，由于人类不合理的开发利用，会仙湿地水域已严重萎缩，开展会仙湿地地下水动态和水均衡的研究，对维持湿地生态功能、湿地水资源管理和湿地保护等方面有极其重要的意义。根据会仙湿地的水文地质条件，将会仙湿地划分为两个地下水系统，即马面狮子岩地下河系统和睦洞河（湖）分散排泄系统，并分别分析了两个地下水系统的补给、径流、排泄特征和地下水动态特征，最后对两个地下水系统进行了地下水均衡计算。结果表明:会仙湿地水位波动受降雨影响明显，各监测点水位变幅不均且水位对降雨响应时间不一致。会仙湿地地下水系统的蓄存量为-6.19万m3，为负均衡，这与均衡期后期干旱有关；会仙湿地岩溶地下水主要补给来源为大气降水入渗，主要排泄方式为潜水径流和蒸发，其系统具有一定的储水调蓄功能，但调蓄能力有限。要长期维护会仙湿地的生态功能，应加强其调蓄能力，可从减少湿地蒸散发量和开采利用量入手，配合湿地生态环境恢复重建，提高水源涵养能力，使湿地水位维持在一个稳定的变化区间内。
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| 关 键 词： | 会仙湿地 岩溶地下水 补径排特征 水均衡 |
Dynamic characteristics and equilibrium of water level of the karst groundwater system beneath the Huixian wetland |
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| ZHAO Yi,ZOU Shengzhang,SHEN Haoyong,ZHOU Changsong,FAN Lianjie,ZHU Danni,LI Jun.Dynamic characteristics and equilibrium of water level of the karst groundwater system beneath the Huixian wetland[J].Carsologica Sinica,2021,40(2):325-333. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Yi ZOU Shengzhang SHEN Haoyong ZHOU Changsong FAN Lianjie ZHU Danni LI Jun |
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| Institution: | Institute of Karst Geology, CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR |
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| Abstract: | The Huixian wetland is the largest karst wetland in China. In the past half century, due to the unreasonable development and utilization of human beings, the water area of this wetland has shrunk severely. Research on groundwater dynamics and water balance in the Huixian wetland is of great significance for maintaining ecological functions, water resources management, and protection of the wetland. This paper first divides the Huixian wetland into two groundwater systems based on the hydrogeological conditions，namely the Mamianshiziyan system and Mudong river (lake) dispersed excretion system. Then, the recharge, runoff, drainage characteristics and groundwater dynamic characteristics of the two groundwater systems are analyzed separately. Finally, the equilibrium analysis of two groundwater systems is carried out. The results show that the water level fluctuation of the Huixian wetland is obviously affected by rainfall, the water level of each monitoring point varies unevenly and the response times of the water level to rainfall are inconsistent. The storage capacity of the groundwater system in the Huixian wetland is -61,900 m3, which is related to the drought in the later period of the equilibrium period. The main recharge source of karst groundwater in the wetland is atmospheric precipitation infiltration, the main excretion manner is submarine runoff and evaporation. The Huixian wetland karst groundwater system has certain water storage and storage functions, but its storage capacity is limited. To maintain the ecological function of the wetland for a long time, the wetland storage capacity should be strengthened. It can start from reducing the evapotranspiration and exploitation of the wetland, coupling with the restoration and reconstruction of the wetland ecological environment, improving the water conservation capacity, and keeping the wetland water level within a stable change interval. |
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| Keywords: | Huixian wetland karst groundwater recharge runoff drainage characteristics water equilibrium |
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